{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:29:32Z","timestamp":1790753372199,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]],"date-time":"2000-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":962409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked recessive disorder originally characterized by the clinical triad eczema, thrombocytopenia, and severe immunodeficieny, with recurrent bacterial and viral infections, indicating a profound immune cell defect. Such altered immune cells include monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, which were reported to display disturbed cell polarization or chemotaxis. WAS is caused by mutations in the WAS protein (WASp), which is thought to organize the actin cytoskeleton through the Arp2\/3 complex. Here we show that the Arp2\/3 complex is an integral part of podosomes, actin-rich adhesion structures of macrophages, and that WAS macrophages fail to organize the Arp2\/3 complex into podosomes. We also demonstrate that microinjection of a C-terminal acidic stretch of WASp into normal macrophages displaces Arp2\/3 from podosomes and, in combination with chemoattractant stimulation of cells, induces a phenotype resembling the polarization-defective phenotype of stimulated WAS macrophages. These findings point to an important role of the Arp2\/3 complex in polarization and migration of immune cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.1.221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T20:07:57Z","timestamp":1398024477000},"page":"221-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["The Polarization Defect of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Macrophages Is Linked to Dislocalization of the Arp2\/3 Complex"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Linder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita\u0308t , Mu\u0308nchen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Max von Pettenkofer-Institut fu\u0308r Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita\u0308t , Mu\u0308nchen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Higgs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Hu\u0308fner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut fu\u0308r Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita\u0308t , Mu\u0308nchen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusionsmedizin, Universita\u0308t Ulm , Ulm ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Pannicke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transfusionsmedizin, Universita\u0308t Ulm , Ulm ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Aepfelbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max von Pettenkofer-Institut fu\u0308r Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita\u0308t , Mu\u0308nchen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020213112002500_R1","first-page":"300","volume-title":"Mol. Med. Today","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R2","first-page":"459","volume-title":"Springer Semin. Immunopathol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R3","first-page":"876","volume-title":"J. Pediat.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R4","first-page":"635","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R5","first-page":"5326","volume-title":"EMBO J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R6","first-page":"6932","volume-title":"EMBO J.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R7","first-page":"70","volume-title":"Curr. Biol.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R8","first-page":"5615","volume-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R9","first-page":"723","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R10","first-page":"1347","volume-title":"Curr. Biol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R11","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R12","first-page":"243","volume-title":"Blood","year":"1980"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R13","first-page":"3259","volume-title":"Eur. J. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R14","first-page":"1026","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R15","first-page":"659","volume-title":"Br. J. Haematol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R16","first-page":"537","volume-title":"Trends Immunol. Today","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R17","first-page":"9648","volume-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R18","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R19","first-page":"2627","volume-title":"J. Clin. Invest.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R20","first-page":"3739","volume-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R21","first-page":"15362","volume-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R22","first-page":"555","volume-title":"Curr. Biol.","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R23","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol.","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R24","first-page":"759","volume-title":"Curr. Biol.","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020213112002500_R25","first-page":"1329","volume-title":"Blood","year":"1986"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/165\/1\/221\/62730514\/221.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/165\/1\/221\/62730514\/221.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T18:18:12Z","timestamp":1770056292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/165\/1\/221\/8038805"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.165.1.221","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1767","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-6606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]}}}