{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:15:28Z","timestamp":1790158528787,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,1]],"date-time":"2000-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":973036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recent studies have defined several phenotypic and molecular changes associated with the maturation of naive human B cells within the milieu of germinal centers. Although naive B cells serve as natural precursors to germinal center (GC)\/memory (M) subpopulations, little is known about the physiological requirements for the survival of the naive B cell pool in the absence of cell-cell contact or Ag-mediated activation. Because IL-4 induces expression of several membrane receptors such as CD23 which are uniquely present on resting human naive B lymphocytes, we hypothesized that these cells might be intrinsically programmed to respond to IL-4 in the absence of cell division. Using buoyant density-dependent isolation and further enrichment by negative\/positive selection of human naive and GC\/M subpopulations, we characterized cytokine receptor moieties on these cells and analyzed their survival and growth in the presence of IL-4 or IL-10. Resting naive B cells expressed significantly higher IL-4 receptor \u03b1-chain on their cell surface than the combined GC\/M subpopulation. The IL-10 receptor and the IL-2 receptor \u03b3c chain were almost equally expressed on both subpopulations. When cultured in vitro, the addition of IL-4, but not IL-10, protected naive B cells from apoptosis in the absence of activation and growth. However, IL-4 exerted no such effect on resting GC\/M B cells. These data support the hypothesis that IL-4 plays a pivotal role in the survival and maintenance of resting human naive B cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.10.5573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T23:07:29Z","timestamp":1398121649000},"page":"5573-5579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Novel Diversity in IL-4-Mediated Responses in Resting Human Naive B Cells Versus Germinal Center\/Memory B Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Eric F","family":"Wagner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Women & Infants\u2019 Hospital , Providence, RI 02905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazeeh","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Women & Infants\u2019 Hospital , Providence, RI 02905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loren D","family":"Fast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University , Providence, RI 02905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Kouttab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Roger Williams Medical Center , Providence, RI 02908"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R","family":"Shank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University , Providence, RI 02912"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aime","family":"Vazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 131 , Clamart ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surendra","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Women & Infants\u2019 Hospital , Providence, RI 02905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020213192660200_R1","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Science","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R2","first-page":"400","volume-title":"Immunol. Today","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R3","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R4","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R5","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Immunol. Today","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R6","first-page":"1121","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R7","first-page":"334","volume-title":"Nature","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R8","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Semin. Immunol.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R9","first-page":"329","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R10","first-page":"405","volume-title":"Eur. J. Immunol.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R11","first-page":"815","volume-title":"Int. Immunol.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R12","first-page":"2075","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R13","first-page":"508","volume-title":"Eur. J. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R14","first-page":"77","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R15","first-page":"931","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R16","first-page":"971","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R17","first-page":"2085","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R18","first-page":"4955","volume-title":"EMBO J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R19","first-page":"239","volume-title":"Immunity","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R20","first-page":"141","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R21","first-page":"720","volume-title":"Science","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R22","first-page":"1123","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R23","first-page":"563","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R24","first-page":"1459","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1987"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R25","first-page":"2309","volume-title":"J. Virol.","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R26","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Immunology","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R27","first-page":"438","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R28","first-page":"357","volume-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA","year":"1984"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R29","first-page":"149","volume-title":"Cell. Immunol.","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R30","first-page":"1615","volume-title":"Oncogene","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R31","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Immunol. Lett.","year":"1989"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R32","first-page":"1712","volume-title":"Eur. J. Immunol.","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R33","first-page":"325","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R34","first-page":"1319","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R35","first-page":"424","volume-title":"J. Clin. Invest.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R36","first-page":"487","volume-title":"Stem Cells","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R37","first-page":"3054","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R38","first-page":"893","volume-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R39","first-page":"4493","volume-title":"Blood","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R40","first-page":"429","volume-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol.","year":"1987"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R41","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Immunol. Rev.","year":"1988"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R42","first-page":"1091","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R43","first-page":"1309","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R44","first-page":"148","volume-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R45","first-page":"1039","volume-title":"Int. Immunol.","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R46","first-page":"859","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R47","first-page":"3696","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R48","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Immunity","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R49","first-page":"41","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R50","first-page":"329","volume-title":"J. Exp. Med.","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R51","first-page":"4286","volume-title":"Eur. J. Immunol.","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R52","first-page":"429","volume-title":"Scand. J. Immunol.","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026020213192660200_R53","first-page":"5704","volume-title":"J. Immunol.","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/165\/10\/5573\/62729887\/5573.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/165\/10\/5573\/62729887\/5573.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T18:32:20Z","timestamp":1770057140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/165\/10\/5573\/8039825"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.165.10.5573","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1767","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-6606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]}}}