{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:33:15Z","timestamp":1790969595744,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]],"date-time":"2000-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":975628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The duration of infection and the quantity of Ag presented in vivo are commonly assumed to influence, if not determine, the magnitude of T cell responses. Although the cessation of in vivo T cell expansion coincides with bacterial clearance in mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes, closer analysis suggests that control of T cell expansion and contraction is more complex. In this report, we show that the magnitude and kinetics of Ag-specific T cell responses are determined during the first day of bacterial infection. Expansion of Ag-specific T lymphocyte populations and generation of T cell memory are independent of the duration and severity of in vivo bacterial infection. Our studies indicate that the Ag-specific T cell response to L. monocytogenes is programmed before the peak of the innate inflammatory response and in vivo bacterial replication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.12.6833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T23:33:40Z","timestamp":1398036820000},"page":"6833-6839","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":333,"title":["Early Programming of T Cell Populations Responding to Bacterial Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Mercado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujata","family":"Vijh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Elise","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"},{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Kerksiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"},{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid M","family":"Pilip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric G","family":"Pamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"},{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032908194984300_R1","first-page":"1313","volume-title":"J. 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