{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:28:51Z","timestamp":1790519331354,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]],"date-time":"2000-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":967766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Cd22 gene encodes a B cell-specific adhesion molecule that modulates B cell Ag receptor-mediated signal transduction, and is allelic to a lupus-susceptibility locus in New Zealand White (NZW) mice. In this study, we show that, in addition to the wild-type transcripts, NZW (Cd22a) mice synthesize aberrant CD22 mRNAs that contain \u223c20\u2013120 nucleotide insertions upstream of the coding region between exons 2 and 3, and\/or \u223c100\u2013190 nucleotide deletions of exon 4. Sequence analysis revealed that these aberrant mRNA species arose by alternative splicing due to the presence in the NZW strain of a 794-bp sequence insertion in the second intron, containing a cluster of short interspersed nucleotide elements. Both the presence of sequence insertion and aberrantly spliced mRNAs were specific to mice bearing the Cd22a and Cd22c alleles. Up-regulation of CD22 expression after LPS activation appeared impaired in Cd22a spleen cells (twice lower than in Cd22b B cells). Furthermore, we show that partial CD22 deficiency, i.e., heterozygous level of CD22 expression, markedly promotes the production of IgG anti-DNA autoantibodies in C57BL\/6 (Cd22b) mice bearing the Y chromosome-linked autoimmune acceleration gene, Yaa. Taken together, these results suggest that a lower up-regulation of CD22 on activated B cells (resulting from Cd22 gene anomaly in Cd22a mice or from CD22 heterozygosity in mutants obtained by gene targeting) is implicated in autoantibody production, providing support for Cd22a as a possible candidate allele contributing to lupus susceptibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.6.2987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T21:30:49Z","timestamp":1398029449000},"page":"2987-2996","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["<i>Cd22<\/i>\n                    <i>a<\/i>\n                    PRE-mRNA Dysregulated Expression of the\n                    <i>Cd22<\/i>\n                    Gene as a Result of a Short Interspersed Nucleotide Element Insertion in\n                    <i>Cd22<\/i>\n                    <i>a<\/i>\n                    Lupus-Prone Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Charles","family":"Mary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 399 , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Laporte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 399 , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Parzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Me\u0301decine Tropicale du Service de Sante\u0301 des Arme\u0301es , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Laure","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 399 , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 399 , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fre\u0301de\u0301ric","family":"Lajaunias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Geneva , Geneva ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R Michael E","family":"Parkhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Animal Health , Pirbright ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa L","family":"O\u2019Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Cambridge ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S","family":"Neuberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Cambridge ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shozo","family":"Izui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Geneva , Geneva ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Reininger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 399 , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020213093055700_R1","first-page":"1198","volume-title":"J. 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