{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T15:05:26Z","timestamp":1772895926924,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]],"date-time":"2001-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":980985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>PGE2 has been known to suppress Th1 responses. We studied the role of PGE2 in two representative chemokines, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and IFN-inducible protein-10, production by LPS- or CD40-stimulated spleen cells. The production of MDC, one of the ligands for CCR4 preferentially expressed on Th2, was enhanced in nonstimulated, LPS-, CD40-, or CD3-stimulated spleen cells by the pretreatment with PGE2, while the production of IFN-inducible protein-10, a representative ligand for CXC chemokine receptor 3 expressed on Th1, was suppressed. MDC production was also enhanced by IL-4, IL-5, and intracellular cAMP-elevating agents such as dibutyryl cAMP and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and the effect of IL-4, IL-5, and PGE2 was additive. However, the pretreatment with IL-6, IL-10, or TGF-\u03b2, or the neutralization of IFN-\u03b3 or IL-12 had no effect on MDC production. B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells were main producers of MDC, while T cells produced only a small amount of MDC. MDC production by B cells was equally stimulated by LPS and anti-CD40 Ab, while that by macrophages and dendritic cells was more markedly stimulated by anti-CD40 Ab, and PGE2 further enhanced MDC production by these stimulated cells. These results indicate that PGE2 regulates Th1\/Th2-related chemokine production by B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, and that this is a new function of PGE2 for the regulation of Th2 immune responses at the induction and activation stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.3.1650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T01:55:06Z","timestamp":1398045306000},"page":"1650-1658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Prostaglandin E2 Up-Regulates Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Production but Suppresses IFN-Inducible Protein-10 Production by APC"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Etsushi","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Sugiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Zeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uki","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032713480220200_R1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Annu. 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