{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:26:05Z","timestamp":1790853965431,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,1]],"date-time":"2001-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1004572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Induction of Th1 cytokines, those associated with cell-mediated immunity, is critical for host defense against infection by intracellular pathogens, including mycobacteria. Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM, CD150) is a transmembrane protein expressed on lymphocytes that promotes T cell proliferation and IFN-\u03b3 production. The expression and role of SLAM in human infectious disease were investigated using leprosy as a model. We found that SLAM mRNA and protein were more strongly expressed in skin lesions of tuberculoid patients, those with measurable CMI to the pathogen, Mycobacterium leprae, compared with lepromatous patients, who have weak CMI against M. leprae. Peripheral blood T cells from tuberculoid patients showed a striking increase in the level of SLAM expression after stimulation with M. leprae, whereas the expression of SLAM on T cells from lepromatous patients show little change by M. leprae stimulation. Engagement of SLAM by an agonistic mAb up-regulated IFN-\u03b3 production from tuberculoid patients and slightly increased the levels of IFN-\u03b3 in lepromatous patients. In addition, IFN-\u03b3 augmented SLAM expression on M. leprae-stimulated peripheral blood T cells from leprosy patients. Signaling through SLAM after IFN-\u03b3 treatment of Ag-stimulated cells enhanced IFN-\u03b3 production in lepromatous patients to the levels of tuberculoid patients. Our data suggest that the local release of IFN-\u03b3 by M. leprae-activated T cells in tuberculoid leprosy lesions leads to up-regulation of SLAM expression. Ligation of SLAM augments IFN-\u03b3 production in the local microenvironment, creating a positive feedback loop. Failure of T cells from lepromatous leprosy patients to produce IFN-\u03b3 in response to M. leprae contributes to reduced expression of SLAM. Therefore, the activation of SLAM may promote the cell-mediated immune response to intracellular bacterial pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.10.5719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:55:17Z","timestamp":1398034517000},"page":"5719-5724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Expression and Regulation in Human Intracellular Infection Correlate with Th1 Cytokine Patterns"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Vero\u0301nica E","family":"Garci\u0301a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas Jose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u0301a F","family":"Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas Jose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u0301a T","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Medical School , Los Angeles, CA 90095"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Pasquinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas Jose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Fainboim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas Jose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana M","family":"Olivares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Leprosy Section, Hospital de Infecciosas F.J. Mun\u0303iz , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rau\u0301l","family":"Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas Jose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel O","family":"Sordelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Aversa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Novartis Forschungsinstitut , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L","family":"Modlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Medical School , Los Angeles, CA 90095"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Los Angeles, Medical School , Los Angeles, CA 90095"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A","family":"Sieling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Medical School , Los Angeles, CA 90095"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020208090618100_R1","first-page":"2243","volume-title":"J. 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