{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T01:28:46Z","timestamp":1770082126092,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,1]],"date-time":"2001-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1004572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the vaccine strategy against HIV, bacillus Calmette-Gue\u0301rin (BCG), a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is considered to be one of potential vectors for mucosal delivery of vaccine Ag. We analyzed the induction of the Ag-specific Ab response by nasal immunization with recombinant BCG vector-based vaccine (rBCG-V3J1) that can secrete the V3 principal neutralizing epitope of HIV. Mice were nasally immunized with rBCG-V3J1 (10 \u03bcg) three times at weekly intervals. Four weeks after the initial immunization, high titers of V3J1-specific IgG Abs were seen in serum. These high levels of HIV-specific serum IgG responses were maintained for &amp;gt;12 mo following nasal immunization without any booster immunization. V3J1-specific IgG-producing cells were detected in mononuclear cells isolated from spleen, nasal cavity, and salivary gland of the nasally vaccinated mice. Nasal rBCG-V3J1 also induced high levels of prolonged HIV-specific serum IgG responses in Th1 (IFN-\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212)- or Th2 (IL-4\u2212\/\u2212)-immunodeficient mice. Further, IgG3 was highest among V3 peptide-specific IgG subclass Ab responses in these immunodeficient mice as well as in wild-type mice. In addition, this Ag-specific serum IgG Abs induced by nasal immunization with rBCG-V3J1 possessed the ability to neutralize clinical isolate of HIV in vitro. These results suggested that the nasal rBCG-V3J1 system might be used as a therapeutic vaccine in addition to a prophylaxis vaccine for the control of AIDS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.10.5862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:55:17Z","timestamp":1398034517000},"page":"5862-5867","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["HIV Mucosal Vaccine: Nasal Immunization with rBCG-V3J1 Induces a Long Term V3J1 Peptide-Specific Neutralizing Immunity in Th1- and Th2-Deficient Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Takachika","family":"Hiroi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mucosal Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hironobu","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mucosal Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine , Wakayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Someya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Disease , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Yanagita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mucosal Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuo","family":"Honda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Disease , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noboru","family":"Yamanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine , Wakayama ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kiyono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mucosal Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020208092947100_R1"},{"key":"2026020208092947100_R2","first-page":"1455","volume-title":"Fundamental Immunology, 4th Ed, Chapter 44,","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020208092947100_R3","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Science","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026020208092947100_R4","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Vaccine","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020208092947100_R5","first-page":"10693","volume-title":"Proc. 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