{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:51:37Z","timestamp":1790509897321,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]],"date-time":"2001-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":996624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic inflammatory diseases of the lungs, such as asthma, are frequently associated with mixed (Th2 and Th1) T cell responses. We examined the impact of critical Th1 and Th2 cytokines, IFN-\u03b3 and IL-13, on the responses in the lungs. In a mouse model of airway inflammation induced by mixed T cell responses, the number of Th1 (IFN-\u03b3-positive) cells was found to be negatively correlated with airway hyperreactivity. In these mice, blockade of IL-13 partially inhibited airway hyperreactivity and goblet cell hyperplasia but not inflammation. In contrast, in mice that responded with a polarized Th2 response to the same Ag, blockade of IL-13 inhibited airway hyperreactivity, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway inflammation. These results indicated that the presence of IFN-\u03b3 would modulate the effects of IL-13 in the lungs. To test this hypothesis, wild-type mice were given recombinant cytokines intranasally. IFN-\u03b3 inhibited IL-13-induced goblet cell hyperplasia and airway eosinophilia. At the same time, IFN-\u03b3 and IL-13 potentiated each other\u2019s effects. In the airways of mice given IL-13 and IFN-\u03b3, levels of IL-6 were increased as well as numbers of NK cells and of CD11c-positive cells expressing MHC class II and high levels of CD86. In conclusion, IFN-\u03b3 has double-sided effects (inhibiting some, potentiating others) on IL-13-induced changes in the lungs. This may be the reason for the ambiguous role of Th1 responses on Th2 response-induced lung injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.3.1769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T23:31:49Z","timestamp":1398123109000},"page":"1769-1777","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":159,"title":["IL-13 and IFN-\u03b3: Interactions in Lung Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Jean G","family":"Ford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center, Harlem Lung Center, Columbia University , New York, NY 10037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Rennick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Palo Alto, CA 94304"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra D","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Institute , Cambridge, MA 02140"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Venkayya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Biology Center, University of California , San Francisco, CA 94143"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cliff","family":"McArthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, CA 94143"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Hansell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, CA 94143"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viswanath P","family":"Kurup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans\u2019 Affairs Medical Center and Allergy Immunology Division, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, WI 53295"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Warnock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, CA 94143"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Gru\u0308nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Columbia University of Physicians and Surgeons and St. Luke\u2019s-Roosevelt Hospital , New York, NY 10019"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020209133922400_R1"},{"key":"2026020209133922400_R2","first-page":"1406","volume-title":"Am. 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