{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T01:54:45Z","timestamp":1783994085154,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]],"date-time":"2002-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1020211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IL-1R-deficient mice (IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212) and their wild-type controls (IL-1R+\/+) were i.v. inoculated with 1 \u00d7 107 or 106 \u00a0Staphylococcus aureus per mouse to mimic bacterial sepsis and septic arthritis. The disease outcome was severely worsened in the IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice as compared with IL-1R+\/+ mice. Indeed, 3 days after inoculation of 107 \u00a0S. aureus per mouse 84% of IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice displayed clinical signs of septicemia as compared with none of the IL-1R+\/+ mice. On day 9 after inoculation with 106 \u00a0S. aureus per mouse 75% of the IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice were dead as compared with none of the IL-1R+\/+ mice. Also, the number of staphylococci in circulation was 25- to 30-fold increased in IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice as compared with IL-1R+\/+ mice, the most probable reason for the outcome. The frequency and severity of septic arthritis were significantly increased in IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice, as compared with IL-1R+\/+ mice, following i.v. inoculation of staphylococci. This was probably due to an increased accumulation of bacteria in the joints of IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice as compared with their wild-type controls. Interestingly, while serum levels of IL-18 in IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 mice were significantly lower than in IL-1R+\/+ mice 24 h after inoculation of S. aureus, both IL-18 and IL-1\u03b2 were significantly increased in IL-1R\u2212\/\u2212 vs IL-1R+\/+ mice 4 days after the bacterial inoculation. In conclusion, IL-1R signaling plays a crucial role in host protection during systemic S. aureus infection as seen by the fatal outcome of S. aureus sepsis and arthritis in IL-1R-deficient mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.10.5207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T18:26:04Z","timestamp":1398018364000},"page":"5207-5212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Critical Role of Signaling Through IL-1 Receptor for Development of Arthritis and Sepsis During\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Olof H","family":"Hultgren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Go\u0308teborg University , Go\u0308teborg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Go\u0308teborg University , Go\u0308teborg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Tarkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Go\u0308teborg University , Go\u0308teborg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020208175175500_R1","first-page":"197","volume-title":"Lancet","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020208175175500_R2","first-page":"2615","volume-title":"Infect. 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