{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:28:12Z","timestamp":1789381692510,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]],"date-time":"2002-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1020211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The role of CD40\/CD154 interaction during infection has primarily focused on pathogens that drive inflammatory Th1 responses. In this study, we show that CD40\/CD154 interaction is a fundamental requirement for Th2 response development to the parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni. Compared with infected wild-type mice, greatly reduced levels of Th2-associated cytokines were measured both in vitro and in vivo, and no IgE or IgG1 was detected in infected CD154\u2212\/\u2212 mice. In the absence of an overt Th2 response, no exaggerated Th1 response was mounted by CD154\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Infected CD154\u2212\/\u2212 mice suffered severe morbidity and mortality, even though parasitemias in wild-type and CD154\u2212\/\u2212 mice did not differ significantly. These data indicate that CD40\/CD154 interaction is required to allow development of a Th2-dominated immune response to S. mansoni and support the view that failure to develop such a response can have fatal consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.9.4643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T19:46:54Z","timestamp":1398023214000},"page":"4643-4649","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Impaired Th2 Development and Increased Mortality During\n                    <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>\n                    Infection in the Absence of CD40\/CD154 Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Andrew S","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth A","family":"Patton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne C","family":"La Flamme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria I","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clive R","family":"Huxtable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverley","family":"Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward J","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020209072387100_R1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Annu. 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