{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T03:23:52Z","timestamp":1770089032409,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]],"date-time":"2002-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1030838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Young mice lacking CD28 have normal numbers of peripheral B cells; however, abnormalities exist in the humoral immune response that may result from an intrinsic defect in the B cells. The goal of this study was to assess whether CD28 could be involved in the development of B cells. CD28 mRNA was detected preferentially in the fraction of bone marrow enriched for stromal cells. Flow cytometry and RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that CD28 was also expressed by primary-cultured stromal cells that supported B lymphopoiesis. Confocal microscopy revealed that in the presence of B-lineage cells, CD28 was localized at the contact interface between B cell precursors and stromal cells. In addition, CD80 was detected on 2\u20136% of freshly isolated pro- and pre-B cells, and IL-7 stimulation led to induction of CD86 on 15\u201320% of pro- and pre-B cells. We also observed that stromal cell-dependent production of B-lineage cells in vitro was greater on stromal cells that lacked CD28. Finally, the frequencies of B-lineage precursors in the marrow from young (4- to 8-wk-old) CD28\u2212\/\u2212 mice were similar to those in wild-type mice; however, older CD28\u2212\/\u2212 mice (15\u201319 mo old) exhibited a 30% decrease in pro-B cells and a 50% decrease in pre-B cells vs age-matched controls. Our results suggest that CD28 on bone marrow stromal cells participates in stromal-dependent regulation of B-lineage cells in the bone marrow. The localization of CD28 at the stromal cell:B cell precursor interface suggests that molecules important for T cell:B cell interactions in the periphery may also participate in stromal cell:B cell precursor interactions in the bone marrow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.5.2292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T00:05:51Z","timestamp":1398125151000},"page":"2292-2302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Expression of CD28 by Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Its Involvement in B Lymphopoiesis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"Kirstin","family":"Gray Parkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program for Immunology and Aging, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL 60153"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL 60153"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert P","family":"Stephan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental and Clinical Immunology and Department of Medicine, University of Alabama , Birmingham, AL 35294"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron-Gran","family":"Apilado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program for Immunology and Aging, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL 60153"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah A","family":"Lill-Elghanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program for Immunology and Aging, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL 60153"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelvin P","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Cell Biology Program, Naval Medical Research Institute , Bethesda, MD 20889"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhaskar","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Cell Science , Ganeshkhind, Pune University Campus, Maharashtra ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela L","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program for Immunology and Aging, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL 60153"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL 60153"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020209235815900_R1","first-page":"188","volume-title":"Curr. 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