{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:58:17Z","timestamp":1793383097816,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1033430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Isotype switching by murine B cells follows a pattern whereby the proportion of cells undergoing switching increases with division number and is regulated by cytokines. Here we explored whether human B cells behaved in a similar manner. The effect of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13, alone or in combination, on Ig isotype switching by highly purified naive human CD40 ligand (CD40L)-activated B cells was measured against division number over various harvest times. Switching to IgG was induced by IL-4 and, to a lesser extent, IL-13 and IL-10. The combination of IL-10 with IL-4, but not IL-13, induced a higher percentage of cells to undergo switching. Isotype switching to IgG by human CD40L-activated naive B cells was found to be linked to the division history of the cells: IgG+ cells appeared in cultures of B cells stimulated with CD40L and IL-4 after approximately the third cell division, with the majority expressing IgG1, thus revealing a predictable pattern of IgG isotype switching. These results reveal a useful quantitative framework for monitoring the effects of cytokines on proliferation and isotype switching that should prove valuable for screening Ig immunodeficiencies and polymorphisms in the population for a better understanding of the regulation of human humoral immune responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.8.4298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T20:03:53Z","timestamp":1398024233000},"page":"4298-4306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Isotype Switching by Human B Cells Is Division-Associated and Regulated by Cytokines"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"Stuart G","family":"Tangye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Regulation Group, Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Sydney , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthea","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Regulation Group, Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Sydney , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle T","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Regulation Group, Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy S","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Regulation Group, Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Sydney , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip D","family":"Hodgkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Regulation Group, Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Sydney , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020209234164600_R1","volume-title":"Immunoglobulin Class Switching","year":"1993"},{"key":"2026020209234164600_R2","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Immunol. 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