{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T02:30:16Z","timestamp":1770085816484,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]],"date-time":"2003-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pulmonary eosinophilia induced in C57BL\/6 mice after Cryptococcus neoformans infection is driven by CD4+ Th2 cells. The immunological mechanisms that protect against eosinophilia are not fully understood. Interaction of OX40 (CD134) and its ligand, OX40L, has been implicated in T cell activation and cell migration. Unlike CD28, OX40 is only expressed on T cells 1\u20132 days after Ag activation. Manipulation of this pathway would therefore target recently activated T cells, leaving the naive repertoire unaffected. In this study, we show that engagement of OX40 by an OX40L:Ig fusion protein drives IFN-\u03b3 production by CD4+ T cells and reduces eosinophilia and C. neoformans burden in the lung. Using gene-depleted mice, we show that reduction of eosinophilia and pathogen burden requires IL-12 and\/or IFN-\u03b3. C. neoformans infection itself only partially induces OX40L expression by APCs. Provision of exogenous OX40L reveals a critical role of this pathway in the prevention of C. neoformans-induced eosinophilia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.12.6125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T18:28:03Z","timestamp":1398104883000},"page":"6125-6132","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["OX40 Ligation on Activated T Cells Enhances the Control of\n                    <i>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/i>\n                    and Reduces Pulmonary Eosinophilia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Ian R","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorna","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Walzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron J","family":"Rae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Dougan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xenova Research , Cambridge ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Hussell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020210131653300_R1","first-page":"58","volume-title":"Annu. 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