{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:23:55Z","timestamp":1790879035209,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]],"date-time":"2003-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1049155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx2-3 are either asplenic or develop a spleen of significantly reduced size with poorly organized white pulp. In this report, we analyze the effect of this mutation on B lymphocyte development and differentiation. Follicular dendritic cells in spleen, but not lymph node, of Nkx2-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice fail to express a developmental Ag (follicular dendritic cell-M2) and show an abnormal association with B cells, despite essentially normal expression of several chemokine genes. Bone marrow reconstitution studies show the splenic disorganization and absence of marginal zone B cells to be of stromal rather than hemopoietic origin. Furthermore, Nkx2-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice show an excess of conventional B cells in mesenteric lymph node and peritoneal cavity, whereas transitional B cells are rare in spleen but overrepresented in bone marrow. Finally, immunization of Nkx2-3\u2212\/\u2212 mice with a T cell-dependent Ag elicits clusters of germinal center B cells, although these fail to develop to the same extent as in controls and there is no evidence of affinity maturation in serum Ab. Similarly, Ab-forming cells fail to aggregate into foci early in the response. Collectively, these data indicate a substantial role for Nkx2-3 in the correct association of lymphocytes and splenic stromal elements that is independent of chemokine expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.8.4002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:24:43Z","timestamp":1398032683000},"page":"4002-4010","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Architectural Defects in the Spleens of Nkx2-3-Deficient Mice Are Intrinsic and Associated with Defects in Both B Cell Maturation and T Cell-Dependent Immune Responses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Tarlinton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Light","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Metcalf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital , Darlinghurst, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Faculties of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales , Kensington ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Robb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020210080763000_R1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Int. 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