{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T06:30:19Z","timestamp":1791009019531,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]],"date-time":"2003-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1049155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate the role of the cytokine IFN-\u03b3 and its negative regulator, the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) in the progression of cutaneous leishmaniasis, we infected mice lacking a single copy of the gene encoding SOCS1 (SOCS1+\/\u2212), mice lacking both copies of IFN-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212), or mice lacking copies of both SOCS1 and IFN-\u03b3 (SOCS1\u2212\/\u2212 IFN-\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212), with a moderate dose of 103 or 104 of the most virulent stage of parasites, metacyclic promastigotes. Surprisingly, SOCS1+\/\u2212 mice developed larger lesions than wild-type mice, although the parasite load in the draining lymph node was not significantly altered. These mice also developed apparently normal Th1 responses, as indicated by elevated levels of IFN-\u03b3 and low levels of IL-4 and IL-10. The persistence of lesions and the enlargement of draining lymph nodes despite a normal Th1 response and control of parasitemia indicate that there may be a dissociation of the inflammatory pathology and clearance of parasites in SOCS1+\/\u2212 mice. We also investigated the role of the related suppressor of cytokine signaling, SOCS2, which has been implicated in the development of Th1 immunity. The progression of disease in SOCS2\u2212\/\u2212 mice did not differ from that in C57BL\/6 control mice, suggesting that it is not involved in the host response to Leishmania major infection and supporting the specific role of SOCS1. These results suggest that SOCS1 plays an important role in the regulation of appropriate inflammatory responses during the resolution of L. major infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.8.4267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:24:43Z","timestamp":1398032683000},"page":"4267-4272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Persistence of Lesions in Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-1-Deficient Mice Infected with\n                    <i>Leishmania major<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Denise V R","family":"Bullen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the Cooperative Research Center for Cellular Growth Factors, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey M","family":"Baldwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the Cooperative Research Center for Cellular Growth Factors, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan M","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the Cooperative Research Center for Cellular Growth Factors, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warren S","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the Cooperative Research Center for Cellular Growth Factors, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Handman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the Cooperative Research Center for Cellular Growth Factors, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020210091268200_R1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Adv. 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