{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:31:32Z","timestamp":1788384692183,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Although the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model is the most widely used animal model for Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), it is known that nigrostriatal pathologies do not persist in the acute MPTP mouse model. This study highlights the importance of adaptive immunity in driving persistent and progressive disease in acute MPTP-intoxicated mice. Although marked infiltration of T cells into the nigra was found on 1 d of MPTP insult, T cell infiltration decreased afterward, becoming normal on 30 d of insult. Interestingly, twice-weekly supplementation of RANTES and eotaxin, chemokines that are involved in T cell trafficking, drove continuous T cell infiltration to the nigra and incessant glial inflammation. Supplementation of RANTES and eotaxin was also associated with the induction of nigral \u03b1-synuclein pathology, persistent loss of dopaminergic neurons and striatal neurotransmitters, and continuous impairment of motor functions in MPTP-intoxicated mice. In contrast, supplementation of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2, widely studied proinflammatory cytokines, did not induce persistent disease in MPTP-insulted mice. Our results suggest that induction of adaptive immunity by RANTES and eotaxin could hold the key for driving persistent nigrostriatal pathologies in the MPTP mouse model, and that targeting these factors may halt disease progression in PD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]],"date-time":"2017-04-27T00:30:31Z","timestamp":1493253031000},"page":"4312-4326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Induction of Adaptive Immunity Leads to Nigrostriatal Disease Progression in MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Goutam","family":"Chandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL 60612"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0523-8504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avik","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL 60612"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4867-1551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suresh B","family":"Rangasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL 60612"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalipada","family":"Pahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL 60612"},{"name":"Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Chicago, IL 60612"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030615145447400_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1068","article-title":"Genetic clues to the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Vila","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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