{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:44:12Z","timestamp":1790397852232,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Ox40 ligand (Ox40L) locus genetic variants are associated with the risk for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, it is unclear how Ox40L contributes to SLE pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of Ox40L and its cognate receptor, Ox40, using in vivo agonist and antagonist approaches in the NZB \u00d7 NZW (NZB\/W) F1 mouse model of SLE. Ox40 was highly expressed on several CD4 Th cell subsets in the spleen and kidney of diseased mice, and expression correlated with disease severity. Treatment of aged NZB\/W F1 mice with agonist anti-Ox40 mAbs potently exacerbated renal disease, which was accompanied by activation of kidney-infiltrating T cells and cytokine production. The agonist mAbs also induced activation and inflammatory gene expression in splenic CD4 T cells, including IFN-regulated genes, increased the number of follicular helper T cells and plasmablasts in the spleen, and led to elevated levels of serum IgM and enhanced renal glomerular IgM deposition. In a type I IFN\u2013accelerated lupus model, treatment with an antagonist Ox40:Fc fusion protein significantly delayed the onset of severe proteinuria and improved survival. These data support the hypothesis that the Ox40\/Ox40L pathway drives cellular and humoral autoimmune responses during lupus nephritis in NZB\/W F1 mice and emphasize the potential clinical value of targeting this pathway in human lupus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,11]],"date-time":"2017-07-11T00:35:19Z","timestamp":1499733319000},"page":"1238-1249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The Ox40\/Ox40 Ligand Pathway Promotes Pathogenic Th Cell Responses, Plasmablast Accumulation, and Lupus Nephritis in NZB\/W F1 Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Sitrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Suto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Wuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"},{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Eastham-Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong M","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5388-7413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cary D","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wyne P","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy W","family":"Behrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco, CA 94080"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030614241289800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.159","article-title":"What is damaging the kidney in lupus nephritis?","volume":"12","author":"Davidson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2752","article-title":"Taming lupus-a new understanding of pathogenesis is leading to clinical advances","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r3","first-page":"1495","article-title":"Multiple autoantibodies form the glomerular immune deposits in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"30","author":"Mannik","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra071297","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"358","author":"Rahman","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1100359","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"365","author":"Tsokos","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3434","article-title":"Genetic association analyses implicate aberrant regulation of innate and adaptive immunity genes in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"47","author":"Bentham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2007.47","article-title":"Polymorphism at the TNF superfamily gene TNFSF4 confers susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"40","author":"Cunninghame Graham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2009.00766.x","article-title":"The significance of OX40 and OX40L to T-cell biology and immune disease","volume":"229","author":"Croft","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101243","article-title":"Control of immunity by the TNFR-related molecule OX40 (CD134)","volume":"28","author":"Croft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(10)05003-0","article-title":"OX40-OX40 ligand interaction in T-cell-mediated immunity and immunopathology","volume":"105","author":"Ishii","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8498-3","article-title":"OX40, OX40L and autoimmunity: a comprehensive review","volume":"50","author":"Webb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(01)00191-1","article-title":"OX40 promotes Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 expression and is essential for long-term survival of CD4 T cells","volume":"15","author":"Rogers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1030","article-title":"The costimulation-regulated duration of PKB activation controls T cell longevity","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.03.012","article-title":"Sustained survivin expression from OX40 costimulatory signals drives T cell clonal expansion","volume":"22","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6510","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.12.6510","article-title":"Ox-40 ligand: a potent costimulatory molecule for sustaining primary CD4 T cell responses","volume":"161","author":"Gramaglia","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.6.3043","article-title":"The OX40 costimulatory receptor determines the development of CD4 memory by regulating primary clonal expansion","volume":"165","author":"Gramaglia","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.2.365","article-title":"Impairment of antigen-presenting cell function in mice lacking expression of OX40 ligand","volume":"191","author":"Murata","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3580","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3580","article-title":"Distinct roles for the OX40-OX40 ligand interaction in regulatory and nonregulatory T cells","volume":"172","author":"Takeda","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2959","article-title":"Triggering of OX40 (CD134) on CD4(+)CD25+ T cells blocks their inhibitory activity: a novel regulatory role for OX40 and its comparison with GITR","volume":"105","author":"Valzasina","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3054","article-title":"Pathophysiology of T follicular helper cells in humans and mice","volume":"16","author":"Ueno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.10.004","article-title":"T follicular helper cell differentiation, function, and roles in disease","volume":"41","author":"Crotty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545760","article-title":"T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in lupus: activation and involvement in SLE pathogenesis","volume":"46","author":"Blanco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03555","article-title":"A RING-type ubiquitin ligase family member required to repress follicular helper T cells and autoimmunity","volume":"435","author":"Vinuesa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06253","article-title":"Roquin represses autoimmunity by limiting inducible T-cell co-stimulator messenger RNA","volume":"450","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20081886","article-title":"Follicular helper T cells are required for systemic autoimmunity","volume":"206","author":"Linterman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.12.004","article-title":"Roquin paralogs 1 and 2 redundantly repress the Icos and Ox40 costimulator mRNAs and control follicular helper T cell differentiation","volume":"38","author":"Vogel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.979","article-title":"The T cell-B cell interaction via OX40-OX40L is necessary for the T cell-dependent humoral immune response","volume":"183","author":"St\u00fcber","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80144-2","article-title":"OX40-deficient mice are defective in Th cell proliferation but are competent in generating B cell and CTL responses after virus infection","volume":"11","author":"Kopf","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80143-0","article-title":"Ox40-ligand has a critical costimulatory role in dendritic cell:T cell interactions","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6520","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.12.6520","article-title":"Robust B cell immunity but impaired T cell proliferation in the absence of CD134 (OX40)","volume":"163","author":"Pippig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002913","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002913","article-title":"OX40 facilitates control of a persistent virus infection","volume":"8","author":"Boettler","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601356","article-title":"OX40 cooperates with ICOS to amplify follicular Th cell development and germinal center reactions during infection","volume":"198","author":"Tahiliani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199905)29:05<1610::AID-IMMU1610>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"CD4 T cell traffic control: in vivo evidence that ligation of OX40 on CD4 T cells by OX40-ligand expressed on dendritic cells leads to the accumulation of CD4 T cells in B follicles","volume":"29","author":"Brocker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.2.297","article-title":"CD4 T cell cytokine differentiation: the B cell activation molecule, OX40 ligand, instructs CD4 T cells to express interleukin 4 and upregulates expression of the chemokine receptor, Blr-1","volume":"188","author":"Flynn","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.8.1115","article-title":"Compromised OX40 function in CD28-deficient mice is linked with failure to develop CXC chemokine receptor 5-positive CD4 cells and germinal centers","volume":"190","author":"Walker","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00110-9","article-title":"CD4(+)CD3(-) accessory cells costimulate primed CD4 T cells through OX40 and CD30 at sites where T cells collaborate with B cells","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930802002240","article-title":"Effect of anti-CD134L mAb and CTLA4Ig on ConA-induced proliferation, Th cytokine secretion, and anti-dsDNA antibody production in spleen cells from lupus-prone BXSB mice","volume":"41","author":"Zhou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-008-0697-2","article-title":"Targeting the CD134-CD134L interaction using anti-CD134 and\/or rhCD134 fusion protein as a possible strategy to prevent lupus nephritis","volume":"29","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r39","first-page":"271694","article-title":"Murine models of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"2011","author":"Perry","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11295","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11295","article-title":"Untangling the brain\u2019s neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative transcriptional responses","volume":"7","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3578-9_15","article-title":"GMAP and GSNAP for genomic sequence alignment: enhancements to speed, accuracy, and functionality","volume":"1418","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R29","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2014-15-2-r29","article-title":"Voom: precision weights unlock linear model analysis tools for RNA-seq read counts","volume":"15","author":"Law","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.12.032","article-title":"Parsing the interferon transcriptional network and its disease associations","volume":"164","author":"Mostafavi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101400","article-title":"Follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH)","volume":"29","author":"Crotty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337679100","article-title":"Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus","volume":"100","author":"Baechler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3528","article-title":"Mechanisms of tissue injury in lupus nephritis","volume":"13","author":"Nowling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00306","article-title":"IFN\u03b1 inducible models of murine SLE","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1004142","article-title":"IFN-\u03b1 confers resistance of systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis to therapy in NZB\/W F1 mice","volume":"187","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.05.012","article-title":"OX40 ligand contributes to human lupus pathogenesis by promoting T follicular helper response","volume":"42","author":"Jacquemin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080840","article-title":"ICOS-dependent extrafollicular helper T cells elicit IgG production via IL-21 in systemic autoimmunity","volume":"205","author":"Odegard","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5361","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.9.5361","article-title":"Regulation of B cell differentiation and plasma cell generation by IL-21, a novel inducer of Blimp-1 and Bcl-6","volume":"173","author":"Ozaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5236","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.5236","article-title":"Kinetics of human B cell behavior and amplification of proliferative responses following stimulation with IL-21","volume":"177","author":"Good","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7867","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.12.7867","article-title":"IL-21 induces differentiation of human naive and memory B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells","volume":"175","author":"Ettinger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8180","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.12.8180","article-title":"Cytokine-mediated regulation of human B cell differentiation into Ig-secreting cells: predominant role of IL-21 produced by CXCR5+ T follicular helper cells","volume":"179","author":"Bryant","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091706","article-title":"B cell-intrinsic signaling through IL-21 receptor and STAT3 is required for establishing long-lived antibody responses in humans","volume":"207","author":"Avery","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807309106","article-title":"A critical role for IL-21 receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus in BXSB-Yaa mice","volume":"106","author":"Bubier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4581","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300439","article-title":"IL-21 is a double-edged sword in the systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease of BXSB.Yaa mice","volume":"191","author":"McPhee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3822","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.6.3822","article-title":"IL-21 has a pathogenic role in a lupus-prone mouse model and its blockade with IL-21R.Fc reduces disease progression","volume":"178","author":"Herber","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39233","article-title":"Interleukin-21 receptor blockade inhibits secondary humoral responses and halts the progression of preestablished disease in the (NZB \u00d7 NZW)F1 systemic lupus erythematosus model","volume":"67","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601687","article-title":"Disruption of pathogenic cellular networks by IL-21 blockade leads to disease amelioration in murine lupus","volume":"198","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003554","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003554","article-title":"Trans-ancestral studies fine map the SLE-susceptibility locus TNFSF4","volume":"9","author":"Manku","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.116434","article-title":"Association of TNFSF4 (OX40L) polymorphisms with susceptibility to systemic sclerosis","volume":"69","author":"Gourh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.141838","article-title":"A replication study confirms the association of TNFSF4 (OX40L) polymorphisms with systemic sclerosis in a large European cohort","volume":"70","author":"Bossini-Castillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.111270","article-title":"Independent replication and meta analysis of association studies establish TNFSF4 as a susceptibility gene preferentially associated with the subset of anticentromere-positive patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"39","author":"Coustet","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2010.44","article-title":"Association of EBF1, FAM167A(C8orf13)-BLK and TNFSF4 gene variants with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Nordmark","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-014-0474-4","article-title":"Soluble OX40L is associated with presence of autoantibodies in early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Laustsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2912","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100353","article-title":"Activation of OX40 augments Th17 cytokine expression and antigen-specific uveitis","volume":"177","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8520","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7664","article-title":"Activation of OX40 prolongs and exacerbates autoimmune experimental uveitis","volume":"52","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101373","article-title":"New insights on OX40 in the control of T cell immunity and immune tolerance in vivo","volume":"188","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4853","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901112","article-title":"Cutting edge: OX40 agonists can drive regulatory T cell expansion if the cytokine milieu is right","volume":"183","author":"Ruby","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.10.001","article-title":"Antigen-specific prevention of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice is ameliorated by OX40 agonist treatment","volume":"37","author":"Bresson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1080\/08916934.2016.1183657","article-title":"Age-dependent divergent effects of OX40L treatment on the development of diabetes in NOD mice","volume":"49","author":"Haddad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39751","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39751","article-title":"Soluble OX40L and JAG1 induce selective proliferation of functional regulatory T-cells independent of canonical TCR signaling","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901163","article-title":"Cutting edge: regulatory T cells directly suppress B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"183","author":"Iikuni","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.080314","article-title":"Increased Foxp3(+) CD4(+) regulatory T cells with intact suppressive activity but altered cellular localization in murine lupus","volume":"173","author":"Abe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2015.00034","article-title":"OX40 agonists and combination immunotherapy: putting the pedal to the metal","volume":"5","author":"Linch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"2025030614241289800_r77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01069.x","article-title":"Science gone translational: the OX40 agonist story","volume":"244","author":"Weinberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/199\/4\/1238\/61520936\/ji1700608.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/199\/4\/1238\/61520936\/ji1700608.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T16:19:18Z","timestamp":1741277958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/199\/4\/1238\/7964755"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1700608","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1767","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-6606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}}}