{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:13:05Z","timestamp":1770815585836,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Mechanisms of immune regulation may control proliferation of aberrant plasma cells (PCs) in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) preventing progression to active multiple myeloma (MM). We hypothesized that CD85j (LILRB1), an inhibitory immune checkpoint for B cell function, may play a role in MM pathogenesis. In this study, we report that patients with active MM had significantly lower levels of CD85j and its ligand S100A9. Decreased CD85j expression could also be detected in the premalignant condition MGUS, suggesting that loss of CD85j may be an early event promoting tumor immune escape. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying CD85j functions, we next enforced expression of CD85j in human myeloma cell lines by lentiviral transduction. Interestingly, gene expression profiling of CD85j-overexpressing cells revealed a set of downregulated genes with crucial functions in MM pathogenesis. Furthermore, in vitro functional assays demonstrated that CD85j overexpression increased susceptibility to T cell\u2013 and NK-mediated killing. Consistently, ligation of CD85j decreased the number of PCs from individuals with MGUS but not from patients with MM. In conclusion, downregulation of inhibitory immune checkpoints on malignant PCs may provide a novel mechanism of immune escape associated with myeloma pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,12]],"date-time":"2018-03-12T16:35:23Z","timestamp":1520872523000},"page":"2581-2591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Loss of the Immune Checkpoint CD85j\/LILRB1 on Malignant Plasma Cells Contributes to Immune Escape in Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6307-9807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ester","family":"Lozano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari-Pau","family":"Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Su\u00f1e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7934-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 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Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanina","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"P\u00e9rez-Gal\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0245-2257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebl","family":"Rou\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital , 08035 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M Teresa","family":"Cibeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rosi\u00f1ol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona , 08036 Barcelona,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Isola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, 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