{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T05:54:30Z","timestamp":1770357270345,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]],"date-time":"2003-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1067644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of cytokines during vaccination, particularly IL-15, is being considered due to the unique ability of IL-15 to enhance the proliferation of memory CD8+ T cells. However, as homeostatic mechanisms limit excessive lymphocyte expansion, we addressed the consequences of this enhancement of T cell memory by IL-15. Infection of mice with either recombinant Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) expressing IL-15 (BCG-IL-15) or BCG and purified IL-15 resulted in an increased CD44, IL-2R\u03b2 expression and increased frequency of IFN-\u03b3-secreting CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, the enhancement of memory to concurrent infection by IL-15 exacerbated the attrition of pre-existing memory. Infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes expressing OVA resulted in potent OVA257\u2013264-specific CD8+ T cell memory, and a challenge of these mice with either BCG-IL-15 or BCG and purified IL-15 resulted in an increased erosion of OVA257\u2013264-specific CD8+ T cell memory, relative to BCG. Enhancement in the erosion of OVA-specific CD8+ T cell memory by BCG-IL-15 resulted in a consequently greater impairment in protection against a challenge with OVA-expressing tumor cells. We thus raise important questions regarding vaccinations that are aimed at maximizing T cell memory without considering the impact on pre-existing T cell memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.10.5454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T18:22:42Z","timestamp":1398018162000},"page":"5454-5460","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Increased CD8+ T Cell Memory to Concurrent Infection at the Expense of Increased Erosion of Pre-existing Memory: The Paradoxical Role of IL-15"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Yvan","family":"Chapdelaine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada , Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dean K","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada , Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joao A","family":"Pedras-Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada , Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lakshmi","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada , Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subash","family":"Sad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada , Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020211104550200_R1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Annu. 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