{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:30:59Z","timestamp":1791091859849,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]],"date-time":"2003-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Asthma results from an intrapulmonary allergen-driven Th2 response and is characterized by intermittent airway obstruction, airway hyperreactivity, and airway inflammation. An inverse association between allergic asthma and microbial infections has been observed. Microbial infections could prevent allergic responses by inducing the secretion of the type 1 cytokines, IL-12 and IFN-\u03b3. In this study, we examined whether administration of bacterial LPS, a prototypic bacterial product that activates innate immune cells via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) could suppress early and late allergic responses in a murine model of asthma. We report that LPS administration suppresses the IgE-mediated and mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, pulmonary inflammation, airway eosinophilia, mucus production, and airway hyperactivity. The suppression of asthma-like responses was not due to Th1 shift as it persisted in IL-12\u2212\/\u2212 or IFN-\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212 mice. However, the suppressive effect of LPS was not observed in TLR4- or NO synthase 2-deficient mice. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that LPS suppresses Th2 responses in vivo via the TLR4-dependent pathway that triggers NO synthase 2 activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.1001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T19:29:26Z","timestamp":1398022166000},"page":"1001-1008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Signaling Through Toll-Like Receptor 4 Suppresses Asthma-Like Responses Via Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 Activity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Dunia","family":"Rodri\u0301guez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biome\u0301dicas, Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , Sa\u0303o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre C","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biome\u0301dicas, Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , Sa\u0303o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana L","family":"Faquim-Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biome\u0301dicas, Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , Sa\u0303o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahasti S","family":"de Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biome\u0301dicas, Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , Sa\u0303o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Q","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeira\u0303o Preto , Ribeira\u0303o ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Lefort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Unite\u0301 de Pharmacologie Cellulaire , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B Boris","family":"Vargaftig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Unite\u0301 de Pharmacologie Cellulaire , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Momtchilo","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biome\u0301dicas, Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , Sa\u0303o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020210164486000_R1","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Allergy","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026020210164486000_R2","first-page":"B2","volume-title":"Nature","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020210164486000_R3","first-page":"298","volume-title":"N. 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