{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T21:28:11Z","timestamp":1791062891986,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]],"date-time":"2003-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1064966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Transient T cell depletion occurs before the development of an effective immune response to infection. In this study we show that most T cells, regardless of specificity, are induced to express early activation markers soon after infection with Listeria monocytogenes or lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Ag-specific T cells are further activated to display late activation markers and undergo extensive proliferation. As Ag-specific T cells begin to expand, nonspecific T cells are depleted en masse and exhibit no sign of further activation or proliferation before their depletion. This selective depletion of nonspecific T cells is due to in situ death via apoptosis, as visualized by confocal microscopy. Thus, early activation and subsequent depletion of nonspecific T cells are integral parts of the immune response to proinflammatory infections. These results have important implications for our understanding of early events in the development of a robust T cell response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.8.4352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T00:53:23Z","timestamp":1398041603000},"page":"4352-4358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Selective Depletion of Nonspecific T Cells During the Early Stage of Immune Responses to Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Jiu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa L","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032708334603500_R1","first-page":"851","volume-title":"Infect. 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