{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T07:23:44Z","timestamp":1782804224821,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]],"date-time":"2004-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1075593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of endopeptidases that proteolytically degrade extracellular matrix. Many different cells produce MMP-9, and levels have been shown to be up-regulated in patients with allergic asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo role of MMP-9 during allergen-induced airway inflammation. Acute allergic pulmonary eosinophilia was established in MMP-9 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) control mice by sensitization and challenge with OVA. Cell recruitment was significantly increased in both bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissue compartments in MMP-9 KO mice compared with WT mice. This heightened cell recruitment was primarily due to increased eosinophils and Th2 cells in the BAL and lung tissue of MMP-9 KO mice in comparison with WT controls. Moreover, levels of the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, and the chemokines eotaxin\/CCL11 and macrophage-derived chemokine\/CCL22 were substantially increased in MMP-9 KO mice compared with WT after OVA challenge. Resolution of eosinophilia was similar between MMP-9 KO and WT mice, but Th2 cells persisted in BAL and lungs of MMP-9 KO mice for longer than in WT mice. Our results indicate that MMP-9 is critically involved in the recruitment of eosinophils and Th2 cells to the lung following allergen challenge, and suggest that MMP-9 plays a role in the development of Th2 responses to allergen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.4.2586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T23:33:57Z","timestamp":1398209637000},"page":"2586-2594","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Deficiency Results in Enhanced Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Sarah J","family":"McMillan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukocyte Biology Section, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Kearley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukocyte Biology Section, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Darren","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukocyte Biology Section, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Wu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukocyte Biology Section, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Y","family":"Larbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Michael","family":"Shipley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine , St Louis, MO 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M","family":"Senior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine , St Louis, MO 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sussan","family":"Nourshargh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare M","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukocyte Biology Section, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020211251817700_R1","first-page":"893","volume-title":"J. 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