{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:12:06Z","timestamp":1791306726643,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) up-regulate the chemokine receptor CXCR4 on CD4 T cells, and a major subpopulation of germinal center (GC) T cells (CD4+CD57+), which are adjacent to FDCs in vivo, expresses high levels of CXCR4. We therefore reasoned that GC T cells would actively migrate to stromal cell-derived factor-1 (CXCL12), the CXCR4 ligand, and tested this using Transwell migration assays with GC T cells and other CD4 T cells (CD57\u2212) that expressed much lower levels of CXCR4. Unexpectedly, GC T cells were virtually nonresponsive to CXCL12, whereas CD57\u2212CD4 T cells migrated efficiently despite reduced CXCR4 expression. In contrast, GC T cells efficiently migrated to B cell chemoattractant-1\/CXCL13 and FDC supernatant, which contained CXCL13 produced by FDCs. Importantly, GC T cell nonresponsiveness to CXCL12 correlated with high ex vivo expression of regulator of G protein signaling (RGS), RGS13 and RGS16, mRNA and expression of protein in vivo. Furthermore, FDCs up-regulated both RGS13 and RGS16 mRNA expression in non-GC T cells, resulting in their impaired migration to CXCL12. Finally, GC T cells down-regulated RGS13 and RGS16 expression in the absence of FDCs and regained migratory competence to CXCL12. Although GC T cells express high levels of CXCR4, signaling through this receptor appears to be specifically inhibited by FDC-mediated expression of RGS13 and RGS16. Thus, FDCs appear to directly affect GC T cell migration within lymphoid follicles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.10.6169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T20:57:23Z","timestamp":1398027443000},"page":"6169-6178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Follicular Dendritic Cell Regulation of CXCR4-Mediated Germinal Center CD4 T Cell Migration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"Jacob D","family":"Estes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University , Provo, UT 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler C","family":"Thacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University , Provo, UT 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise L","family":"Hampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Signal Transduction Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sariah A","family":"Kell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University , Provo, UT 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon F","family":"Keele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University , Provo, UT 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A","family":"Palenske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University , Provo, UT 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk M","family":"Druey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Signal Transduction Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory F","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University , Provo, UT 84602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020214114886100_R1","first-page":"2098","volume-title":"Science","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020214114886100_R2","first-page":"565","volume-title":"Nature","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026020214114886100_R3","first-page":"801","volume-title":"J. 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