{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:49:31Z","timestamp":1790380171874,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]],"date-time":"2004-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The orphan nuclear receptor, retinoid acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)\u03b1, is essential for the development of cerebellar Purkinje cells and bone tissue. ROR\u03b1 may also play a critical role in lymphocyte development and function because staggerer mice, a natural mutant strain with a disrupted expression of ROR\u03b1, have reduced thymic and splenic cellularity. In this report, we analyzed the role of ROR\u03b1 in lymphocyte development by examining lymphoid compartments in ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice and Rag-2\u2212\/\u2212 mice reconstituted with ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 bone marrow. We found that T and B cell development was severely defective in ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice, but not in Rag-2\u2212\/\u2212\/ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 chimeric mice. We also analyzed cellular and humoral immune responses in Rag-2\u2212\/\u2212\/ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 chimeric mice. Our results show that serum IgG levels were elevated in Rag-2\u2212\/\u2212\/ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 chimeric mice after immunization with a T-dependent Ag compared with control chimeras. IFN-\u03b3 production by ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 CD8+ T cells after TCR stimulation was also increased. Furthermore, ROR\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mast cells and macrophages produced an increased amount of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 upon activation. These results indicate that ROR\u03b1 indirectly regulates lymphocyte development by providing an appropriate microenvironment and controls immune responses by negatively regulating cytokine production in innate immune cells and lymphocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.5.2952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T00:03:38Z","timestamp":1398038618000},"page":"2952-2959","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Lymphocyte Development and Function in the Absence of Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor \u03b1"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"Ivan","family":"Dzhagalov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC 27710"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Gigue\u0300re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Group, McGill University Health Center , Montreal, Quebec ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You-Wen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC 27710"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032617332343600_R1","first-page":"835","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1995"},{"key":"2025032617332343600_R2","first-page":"689","volume-title":"Endocr. 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