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Our studies in a murine model of APS induced by passive transfer of human aPL Abs have shown that activation of complement and recruitment of neutrophils into decidua are required for fetal loss, and emphasize the importance of inflammation in aPL Ab-induced pregnancy loss. In this study, we examine the role of TNF-\u03b1 in pregnancy complications associated with aPL Abs in a murine model of APS. We show that aPL Abs are specifically targeted to decidual tissue and cause a rapid increase in decidual and systemic TNF-\u03b1 levels. We identify the release of TNF-\u03b1 as a critical intermediate that acts downstream of C5 activation, based on the fetal protective effects of TNF-\u03b1 deficiency and TNF blockade and on the absence of increased TNF-\u03b1 levels in C5-deficient mice treated with aPL Abs. Our results suggest that TNF-\u03b1 links pathogenic aPL Abs to fetal damage and identify TNF blockade as a potential therapy for the pregnancy complications of APS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.1.485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T20:56:36Z","timestamp":1398027396000},"page":"485-490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":214,"title":["TNF-\u03b1 Is a Critical Effector and a Target for Therapy in Antiphospholipid Antibody-Induced Pregnancy Loss"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Berman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery-Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermina","family":"Girardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery-Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane E","family":"Salmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery-Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020212214940900_R1","first-page":"1309","volume-title":"Arthritis Rheum.","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026020212214940900_R2","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Eur. 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