{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:37:10Z","timestamp":1791175030054,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bacillus anthracis secretes two critical virulence factors, lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET). In this study, we show that murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) infected with B. anthracis strains secreting ET exhibit a very different cytokine secretion pattern than DC infected with B. anthracis strains secreting LT, both toxins, or a nontoxinogenic strain. ET produced during infection selectively inhibits the production of IL-12p70 and TNF-\u03b1, whereas LT targets IL-10 and TNF-\u03b1 production. To confirm the direct role of the toxins, we show that purified ET and LT similarly disrupt cytokine secretion by DC infected with a nontoxinogenic strain. These effects can be reversed by specific inhibitors of each toxin. Furthermore, ET inhibits in vivo IL-12p70 and IFN-\u03b3 secretion induced by LPS. These results suggest that ET produced during infection impairs DC functions and cooperates with LT to suppress the innate immune response. This may represent a new strategy developed by B. anthracis to escape the host immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.4934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:25:14Z","timestamp":1398032714000},"page":"4934-4941","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Anthrax Edema Toxin Cooperates with Lethal Toxin to Impair Cytokine Secretion during Infection of Dendritic Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Jean-Nicolas","family":"Tournier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"De\u0301partement de Biologie des Agents Transmissibles, Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante\u0301 des Arme\u0301es , La Tronche ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Quesnel-Hellmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De\u0301partement de Biologie des Agents Transmissibles, Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante\u0301 des Arme\u0301es , La Tronche ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De\u0301partement de Biologie des Agents Transmissibles, Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante\u0301 des Arme\u0301es , La Tronche ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Montecucco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova , Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Jen","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben-May Institute for Cancer Research, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miche\u0300le","family":"Mock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxines et Pathoge\u0301nie Bacte\u0301rienne (Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2172, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique R","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De\u0301partement de Biologie des Agents Transmissibles, Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante\u0301 des Arme\u0301es , La Tronche ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre L","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxines et Pathoge\u0301nie Bacte\u0301rienne (Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2172, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020212245265700_R1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Annu. 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