{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T17:35:38Z","timestamp":1775151338859,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Impaired virus-specific immune responses have previously been observed with Schistosoma mansoni coinfection. We characterized Gag-specific responses in HIV-1-positive Ugandans with and without S. mansoni coinfection. We observed no significant difference in the frequency of IFN-\u03b3 CD8+ T cells between the two groups. Interestingly, expression of CD107, a marker for cytolytic activity, was significantly lower in volunteers with S. mansoni coinfection compared with those with HIV-1 infection alone (p = 0.002). In contrast, the frequency of IL-10-positive Gag-specific CD8+ T cell responses was higher in volunteers with S. mansoni coinfection (p = 0.004). Analysis of human CMV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in the same individuals failed to reveal a similar pattern of altered CD107 and IL-10 expression. Our results suggest that S. mansoni coinfection is associated with decreased Gag-specific CD8+ cytolytic T cell responses and increased number of Gag-specific IL-10 positive CD8+ T cells. Our findings may have important implications toward the implementation of HIV preventive and therapeutic programs in Africa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.5119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:25:14Z","timestamp":1398032714000},"page":"5119-5123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Coinfection with\n                    <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>\n                    Is Associated with Decreased HIV-Specific Cytolysis and Increased IL-10 Production"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Michael D","family":"McElroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Health Services , Richmond, California 94804"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elrefaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Health Services , Richmond, California 94804"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norman","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Health Services , Richmond, California 94804"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Ssali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Clinical Research Centre , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Mugyenyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Clinical Research Centre , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Banson","family":"Barugahare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Clinical Research Centre , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huyen","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Department of Health Services , Richmond, California 94804"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020212265755700_R1","first-page":"1012","volume-title":"Clin. 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