{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:10:12Z","timestamp":1791151812542,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]],"date-time":"2005-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1130803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Anthrax is an acute disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. Some animal species are relatively resistant to anthrax infection. This trait has been correlated to the extent of the local inflammatory reaction, suggesting innate immunity to be the first line of defense against B. anthracis infection in nonimmunized hosts. Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) is produced in particular by macrophages and possesses potent antibacterial activity especially against Gram-positive bacteria. We have previously shown in vitro that sPLA2-IIA kills both germinated B. anthracis spores and encapsulated bacilli. Here we show that sPLA2-IIA plays in vivo a protective role against experimental anthrax. Transgenic mice expressing human sPLA2-IIA are resistant to B. anthracis infection. In addition, in vivo administration of recombinant human sPLA2-IIA protects mice against B. anthracis infection. The protective effect was observed both with a highly virulent encapsulated nontoxinogenic strain and a wild-type encapsulated toxinogenic strain, showing that toxemia did not hinder the sPLA2-IIA-afforded protection. sPLA2-IIA, a natural component of the immune system, may thus be considered a novel therapeutic agent to be used in adjunct with current therapy for treating anthrax. Its anthracidal activity would be effective even against strains resistant to multiple antibiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.10.6786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T00:57:58Z","timestamp":1398041878000},"page":"6786-6791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["In Vivo Protective Role of Human Group IIA Phospholipase A2 against Experimental Anthrax"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Piris-Gimenez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 Toxines et Pathoge\u0301nie Bacte\u0301rienne\/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2172 , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Paya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de De\u0301fense Inne\u0301e et Inflammation\/Unite\u0301 Associe\u0301e Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale E336, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge\u0301rard","family":"Lambeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Pharmacologie Mole\u0301culaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unite\u0301 Mixte de Recherche 6097 , Valbonne ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Chignard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de De\u0301fense Inne\u0301e et Inflammation\/Unite\u0301 Associe\u0301e Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale E336, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miche\u0300le","family":"Mock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 Toxines et Pathoge\u0301nie Bacte\u0301rienne\/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2172 , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lhousseine","family":"Touqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de De\u0301fense Inne\u0301e et Inflammation\/Unite\u0301 Associe\u0301e Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale E336, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre L","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 Toxines et Pathoge\u0301nie Bacte\u0301rienne\/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2172 , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032808581192300_R1","first-page":"647","volume-title":"Annu. 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