{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T05:21:22Z","timestamp":1770096082986,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]],"date-time":"2005-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1128124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cellular immunity mediated by T lymphocytes, in particular CD4+ and CD8+ type 1 (T1) cells, is the main defense against pathogenic fungi. IL-12 initiates T1 cell development and cell-mediated immunity, but it is unclear whether IL-12 contributes to the maintenance of an antifungal T1 response. In this study, we addressed the role of IL-12 for vaccine-induced memory T cell development against experimental pulmonary blastomycosis. CD4+ T cells absolutely required IL-12 to control a live genetically engineered attenuated strain of Blastomyces dermatitidis given s.c. as a vaccine, whereas CD8+ T cells were significantly less dependent on IL-12. Despite differential dependency of T cell subsets on IL-12 during vaccination, neither subset acquired memory immunity in the absence of IL-12. In contrast, adoptive transfer of immune CD4 T cells from wild-type mice into IL-12\u2212\/\u2212 mice showed that CD4+ T1 memory cells sustained a T1 cytokine profile and remained protective over a period of 6 mo posttransfer. Similarly, memory CD8 cells elicited in IL-12\u2212\/\u2212 mice with killed yeast and transient rIL-12 treatment (during vaccination) remained durable and protective after animals were rested for 3 mo. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that once CD4 and CD8 cells have acquired a protective T1 phenotype they no longer require the presence of IL-12 to maintain antifungal protective memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.8.5288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T22:28:35Z","timestamp":1398032915000},"page":"5288-5297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["IL-12 Is Required for Induction but Not Maintenance of Protective, Memory Responses to\n                    <i>Blastomyces dermatitidis<\/i>\n                    : Implications for Vaccine Development in Immune-Deficient Hosts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Marcel","family":"Wu\u0308thrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics , Madison, WI 53792"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics , Madison, WI 53792"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce S","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics , Madison, WI 53792"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics , Madison, WI 53792"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics , Madison, WI 53792"},{"name":"The Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics , Madison, WI 53792"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020212154442400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-3306-1_11","volume-title":"Blastomycosis","year":"1992"},{"key":"2026020212154442400_R2","first-page":"398","volume-title":"Infect. 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