{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:10:42Z","timestamp":1791090642147,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During the course of acute infection with an intracellular pathogen, Ag-specific T cells proliferate in the expansion phase, and then most of the T cells die by apoptosis in the following contraction phase, but the few that survive become memory cells and persist for a long period of time. Although IL-15 is known to play an important role in long-term maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells, the potential roles of IL-15 in CD8+ T cell contraction are not known. Using an adoptive transfer system of OT-I cells expressing OVA257\u2013264\/Kb-specific TCR into control, IL-15 knockout (KO) and IL-15 transgenic (Tg) mice followed by challenge with recombinant Listeria monocytogenes expressing OVA, we found that the survival of CD44+CD62L\u2212CD127\u2212 effector OT-I cells during the contraction phase is critically dependent on IL-15. In correlation with the expression level of Bcl-2 in OT-I cells, the number of OT-I cells was markedly reduced in IL-15 KO mice but remained at a high level in IL-15 Tg mice during the contraction phase, compared with control mice. In vivo administration of rIL-15 during the contraction phase in IL-15 KO mice inhibited the contraction of effector OT-I cells accompanied by up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, enforced expression of Bcl-2 protected the majority of effector OT-I cells from death in IL-15 KO mice after infection. These results suggest that IL-15 plays a critical role in protecting effector CD8+ T cells from apoptosis during the contraction phase following a microbial infection via inducing antiapoptotic molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.1.507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,23]],"date-time":"2014-04-23T09:37:11Z","timestamp":1398245831000},"page":"507-515","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["IL-15 Regulates CD8+ T Cell Contraction during Primary Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Yajima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"First Department of Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine , Maebashi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazufumi","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Nakazato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shino","family":"Kumabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeo","family":"Koyasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subash","family":"Sad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada , Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kuwano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine , Maebashi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunobu","family":"Yoshikai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020211354518400_R1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Ann. 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