{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:19:29Z","timestamp":1791328769670,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]],"date-time":"2006-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is a severe immunodeficiency associated with a marked reduction in circulating memory B cells. Our investigation of the B cell compartment of XLP patients revealed an increase in the frequency of a population of B cells distinct from those previously defined. This population displayed increased expression of CD10, CD24, and CD38, indicating that it could consist of circulating immature\/transitional B cells. Supporting this possibility, CD10+CD24highCD38high B cells displayed other immature characteristics, including unmutated Ig V genes and elevated levels of surface IgM; they also lacked expression of Bcl-2 and a panel of activation molecules. The capacity of CD24highCD38high B cells to proliferate, secrete Ig, and migrate in vitro was greatly reduced compared with mature B cell populations. Moreover, CD24highCD38high B cells were increased in the peripheral blood of neonates, patients with common variable immunodeficiency, and patients recovering from hemopoietic stem cell transplant. Thus, an expansion of functionally immature B cells may contribute to the humoral immunodeficient state that is characteristic of neonates, as well as patients with XLP or common variable immunodeficiency, and those recovering from a stem cell transplant. Further investigation of transitional B cells will improve our understanding of human B cell development and how alterations to this process may precipitate immunodeficiency or autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.3.1506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T18:20:05Z","timestamp":1398018005000},"page":"1506-1516","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Expansion of Functionally Immature Transitional B Cells Is Associated with Human-Immunodeficient States Characterized by Impaired Humoral Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Amanda K","family":"Cuss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Sydney , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle T","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L","family":"Cannons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li Jun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim E","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Children\u2019s Hospital Westmead , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart G","family":"Tangye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Sydney , New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020214070683900_R1","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Adv. 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