{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:07:38Z","timestamp":1791400058615,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]],"date-time":"2006-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Protection against reinfection with noncapsulated Gram-negative bacteria, such as Shigella, an enteroinvasive bacterium responsible for bacillary dysentery, is mainly achieved by Abs specific for the O-Ag, the polysaccharide part of the LPS, the major bacterial surface Ag. The use of chemically defined glycoconjugates encompassing oligosaccharides mimicking the protective determinants carried by the O-Ag, thus expected to induce an efficient anti-LPS Ab response, has been considered an alternative to detoxified LPS-protein conjugate vaccines. The aim of this study was to identify such functional oligosaccharide mimics of the S. flexneri serotype 2a O-Ag. Using protective murine mAbs specific for S. flexneri serotype 2a and synthetic oligosaccharides designed to analyze the contribution of each sugar residue of the branched pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-Ag, we demonstrated that the O-Ag exhibited an immunodominant serotype-specific determinant. We also showed that elongating the oligosaccharide sequence improved Ab recognition. From these antigenicity data, selected synthetic oligosaccharides were assessed for their potential to mimic the O-Ag by analyzing their immunogenicity in mice when coupled to tetanus toxoid via single point attachment. Our results demonstrated that induction of an efficient serotype 2a-specific anti-O-Ag Ab response was dependent on the length of the oligosaccharide sequence. A pentadecasaccharide representing three biological repeating units was identified as a potential candidate for further development of a chemically defined glycoconjugate vaccine against S. flexneri 2a infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.3.1686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T18:20:05Z","timestamp":1398018005000},"page":"1686-1694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Characterization of Functional Oligosaccharide Mimics of the\n                    <i>Shigella flexneri<\/i>\n                    Serotype 2a O-Antigen: Implications for the Development of a Chemically Defined Glycoconjugate Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Armelle","family":"Phalipon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Pathoge\u0301nie Microbienne Mole\u0301culaire, Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 389; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina","family":"Costachel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Pathoge\u0301nie Microbienne Mole\u0301culaire, Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 389; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Chimie Organique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2128; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrille","family":"Grandjean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Chimie Organique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2128; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Thuizat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Pathoge\u0301nie Microbienne Mole\u0301culaire, Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 389; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Chimie Organique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2128; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Tanguy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Pathoge\u0301nie Microbienne Mole\u0301culaire, Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 389; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farida","family":"Nato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plate-Forme 5, Production de Prote\u0301ines Recombinantes et d\u2019Anticorps; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Vulliez-Le Normand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 d\u2019Immunologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2185; Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fre\u0301de\u0301ric","family":"Be\u0301lot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Chimie Organique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 2128; 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