{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:03:17Z","timestamp":1791302597502,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Forkhead Box P3+ (FOXP3+) T cells are regulatory cells important for maintaining immune tolerance. While chemokine- and other homing-receptors are important for T cell migration, it has been unclear how they are regulated in FOXP3+ T cells. We thoroughly investigated, ex vivo and in vitro, the regulation of chemokine receptor expression on human FOXP3+ T cells in neonatal cord blood, adult peripheral blood, and tonsils. We found that human FOXP3+ T cells undergo changes in trafficking receptors according to their stages of activation and differentiation. FOXP3+ T cells are divided into CD45RA+ (naive type) and CD45RO+ (memory type) FOXP3+ T cells in neonatal blood, adult blood, and tonsils. CD45RA+FOXP3+ T cells mainly express lymphoid tissue homing receptors (CD62L, CCR7, and CXCR4), while CD45RO+FOXP3+ T cells highly express both Th1 and Th2-associated trafficking receptors along with the lymphoid tissue homing receptors at reduced frequencies. Up-regulation of Th1\/Th2-associated trafficking receptors begins with activation of CD45RA+FOXP3+ T cells and is completed after their differentiation to CD45RO+ cells. Some chemokine receptors such as CXCR5 and CXCR6 are preferentially expressed by many FOXP3+ cells at a specific stage (CD69+CD45RO+) in tonsils. Our in vitro differentiation study demonstrated that CD45RA+FOXP3+ T cells indeed undergo chemokine receptor switch from CD45RA+ (secondary lymphoid tissue homing) to CD45RO+ type (lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissue homing). The orderly regulation of trafficking receptors in FOXP3+ T cells according to stages of differentiation and activation is potentially important for their tissue-specific migration and regulation of immune responses in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.2.840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T23:19:01Z","timestamp":1397863141000},"page":"840-851","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Regulation of Trafficking Receptor Expression in Human Forkhead Box P3+ Regulatory T Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Hyung W","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Pathobiology, Purdue Cancer Center, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hal E","family":"Broxmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, IN 46202"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang H","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Pathobiology, Purdue Cancer Center, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032613402470600_R1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Semin. 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