{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:44:32Z","timestamp":1790516672685,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]],"date-time":"2006-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1159660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific CTL are thought to be immune effectors that reduce the risk of adult T cell leukemia (ATL). However, in vivo conditions of anti-HTLV-1 CTL before and after ATL development have yet to be determined. To characterize anti-HTLV-1 CTL in asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (AC) and ATL patients, we analyzed the frequency and diversity of HTLV-1-specific CD8+ T cells in PBMC of 35 AC and 32 ATL patients using 16 distinct epitopes of HTLV-1 Tax or Env\/HLA tetramers along with intracellular cytolytic effector molecules (IFN-\u03b3, perforin, and granzyme B). Overall frequency of subjects possessing Tax-specific CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in ATL than AC (53 vs 90%; p = 0.001), whereas the difference in Env-specific CD8+ T cells was not statistically significant. AC possessed Tax11\u201319\/HLA-A*0201-specific tetramer+ cells by 90% and Tax301\u2013309\/HLA-A*2402-specific tetramer+ cells by 92%. Some AC recognized more than one epitope. In contrast, ATL recognized only Tax11\u201319 with HLA-A*0201 and Tax301\u2013309 with HLA-A*2402 at frequencies of 30 and 55%. There were also significant differences in percentage of cells binding Tax11\u201319\/HLA-A*0201 and Tax301\u2013309\/HLA-A*2402 tetramers between AC and ATL. Anti-HTLV-1 Tax CD8+ T cells in AC and ATL produced IFN-\u03b3 in response to Tax. In contrast, perforin and granzyme B expression in anti-HTLV-1 CD8+ T cells of ATL was significant lower than that of AC. Frequency of Tax-specific CD8+ T cells in AC was related to proviral load in HLA-A*0201. These results suggest that decreased frequency, diversity, and function of anti-HTLV-1 Tax CD8+ T cell clones may be one of the risks of ATL development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.5718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T19:20:27Z","timestamp":1397848827000},"page":"5718-5726","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Reduced Frequency, Diversity, and Function of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1-Specific CD8+ T Cell in Adult T Cell Leukemia Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Kozako","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomichi","family":"Arima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Toji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Biological Laboratories, Co., Ltd , Nagoya ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izumi","family":"Masamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Akimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiichiro","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Hospital , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Fang","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Hospital , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kakushi","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Hospital , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahito","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Haraguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimiharu","family":"Uozumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Host Response, Center for Chronic Viral Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima 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