{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T03:26:58Z","timestamp":1770089218673,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The efficacy of tumor cell vaccination largely depends on the maturation and activation status of the dendritic cell. Here we investigated the ability of soluble and tumor cell-associated dsRNA to serve as an adjuvant in the induction of protective adaptive antitumor responses. Our data showed that cell-associated dsRNA, but not soluble dsRNA, enhanced both tumor-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses. The cell-associated dsRNA increased the clonal burst of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and endowed them with an enhanced capacity for expansion upon a secondary encounter with tumor Ags, even when the CD8+ T cells were primed in the absence of CD4+ T cell help. The adjuvant effect of cell-associated dsRNA was fully dependent on the expression of TLR3 by the APCs and their subsequent production of type I IFNs, as the adjuvant effect of cell-associated dsRNA was completely abrogated in mice deficient in TLR3 or type I IFN signaling. Importantly, treatment with dsRNA-associated tumor cells increased the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and enhanced the survival of tumor-bearing mice. The data from our studies suggest that using cell-associated dsRNA as a tumor vaccine adjuvant may be a suitable strategy for enhancing vaccine efficacy for tumor cell therapy in cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.9.6122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T19:02:17Z","timestamp":1397847737000},"page":"6122-6128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Cell-Associated Double-Stranded RNA Enhances Antitumor Activity through the Production of Type I IFN"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"McBride","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, Developmental Immunology , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kasper","family":"Hoebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Georgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edith","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, Developmental Immunology , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020211151828900_R1","first-page":"138","volume-title":"Curr. 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