{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T03:22:52Z","timestamp":1787628172034,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In this study, we examine whether native cholera toxin (nCT) as a mucosal adjuvant can support trinitrophenyl (TNP)-LPS-specific mucosal immune responses. C57BL\/6 mice were given nasal TNP-LPS in the presence or absence of nCT. Five days later, significantly higher levels of TNP-specific mucosal IgA Ab responses were induced in the nasal washes, saliva, and plasma of mice given nCT plus TNP-LPS than in those given TNP-LPS alone. High numbers of TNP-specific IgA Ab-forming cells were also detected in mucosal tissues such as the nasal passages (NPs), the submandibular glands (SMGs), and nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoreticular tissue of mice given nCT. Flow cytometric analysis showed that higher numbers of surface IgA+, CD5+ B cells (B-1a B cells) in SMGs and NPs of mice given nasal TNP-LPS plus nCT than in those given TNP-LPS alone. Furthermore, increased levels of IL-5R \u03b1-chain were expressed by B-1a B cells in SMGs and NPs of mice given nasal TNP-LPS plus nCT. Thus, CD4+ T cells from these mucosal effector lymphoid tissues produce high levels of IL-5 at both protein and mRNA levels. When mice were treated with anti-IL-5 mAb, significant reductions in TNP-specific mucosal IgA Ab responses were noted in external secretions. These findings show that nasal nCT as an adjuvant enhances mucosal immune responses to a T cell-independent Ag due to the cross-talk between IL-5R\u03b1+ B-1a B cells and IL-5-producing CD4+ T cells in the mucosal effector lymphoid tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.10.6058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T22:53:28Z","timestamp":1397861608000},"page":"6058-6065","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Nasal Cholera Toxin Elicits IL-5 and IL-5 Receptor \u03b1-Chain Expressing B-1a B Cells for Innate Mucosal IgA Antibody Responses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Fujihashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Sekine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Fukuiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"},{"name":"Department of Dental Caries Control and Aesthetic Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo , Matsudo, Chiba ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Takatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Shizukuishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry R","family":"McGhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohtaro","family":"Fujihashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatric Dentistry and Microbiology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL 35294"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032702493044800_R1","first-page":"4621","volume-title":"J. 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