{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T22:10:34Z","timestamp":1776809434350,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cold restraint (CR) for 1 h elicits a psychological and physiological stress that inhibits host defenses against Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Previous analyses indicated that this inhibition is not due to depletion of B or T cells but is instead dependent on signaling through \u03b2-adrenoceptors (\u03b2ARs). We now show that impaired host resistance by CR cannot be accounted for by a decrease in LM-specific (listeriolysin O91\u201399 tetramer+) effector CD8+ T cells; this result is consistent with previous observations that CR-induced effects are mainly limited to early anti-LM responses. \u03b22-Adrenoceptor (\u03b22AR)\u2212\/\u2212 FVB\/NJ and wild-type FVB\/NJ mice had equivalent anti-LM defenses, whereas \u03b21-adrenoceptor (\u03b21AR)\u2212\/\u2212 FVB\/NJ mice had lower levels of LM even when subjected to CR treatment. Additionally, host-resistance competency of \u03b21AR\u2212\/\u2212 mice could be transferred to irradiated wild-type mice reconstituted with \u03b21AR\u2212\/\u2212 bone marrow progenitors and spleen cells, indicating that \u03b21AR signaling on immune cells reduces anti-LM responses. \u03b21AR\u2212\/\u2212 mice had improved cellular (delayed-type hypersensitivity) responses while \u03b22AR\u2212\/\u2212 mice had improved humoral responses (IgG1, IgG2, and IgM), a result that further explains the strain differences in LM defenses. CR-induced expression of \u03b21AR and \u03b22AR mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR. CR treatment significantly increased \u03b2AR mRNAs in Ficoll-purified and F4\/80+-enhanced liver but not splenic homogenates, demonstrating an organ-specific effect of stress that alters host defenses. Finally, CR treatment induced early increases in perforin expression that may enhance immune cell apoptosis and interfere with LM clearance. In conclusion, \u03b21AR signaling has immunomodulatory effects on early cell-mediated immune responses; a lack of \u03b21AR signaling improves antilisterial defenses and cell-mediated immunity, in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.8.4876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T18:55:39Z","timestamp":1397847339000},"page":"4876-4884","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["\u03b21-Adrenergic Receptors on Immune Cells Impair Innate Defenses against\n                    <i>Listeria<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Rebecca T","family":"Emeny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology and Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, NY 12201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology and Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, NY 12201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology and Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, NY 12201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012809413721800_R1","first-page":"2093","volume-title":"Arch. 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