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In this study, we show that such mice fail to completely eliminate virus infection and that, when evaluated without the confounding factor of persisting Ag, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells undergo profound contraction when they are unable to receive IFN-\u03b3 signals. Furthermore, the abundance of CD4+ and CD8+ memory cells that express the IFN-\u03b3 receptor is \u223c100-fold higher than cells lacking this molecule. Thus, direct IFN-\u03b3 signaling is not required for T cell contraction during virus infection, and it enhances, rather than suppresses, the development of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.1190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T23:08:33Z","timestamp":1397862513000},"page":"1190-1197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Direct Interferon-\u03b3 Signaling Dramatically Enhances CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Memory"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Jason K","family":"Whitmire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boreth","family":"Eam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Benning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Lindsay","family":"Whitton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032701452785300_R1","first-page":"423","volume-title":"Nat. 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