{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:29:06Z","timestamp":1791332946121,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,1]],"date-time":"2007-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1185926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which constitutes the interface between blood and cerebral parenchyma, has been shown to be disrupted during retroviral associated neuromyelopathies. Human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease, in which evidence of BBB breakdown has been demonstrated by the presence of lymphocytic infiltrates in the CNS and plasma protein leakage through cerebral endothelium. Using an in vitro human BBB model, we investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in endothelial changes induced by HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes. We demonstrate that coculture with infected lymphocytes induces an increase in paracellular endothelial permeability and transcellular migration, via IL-1\u03b1 and TNF-\u03b1 secretion. This disruption is associated with tight junction disorganization between endothelial cells, and alterations in the expression pattern of tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens 1. These changes could be prevented by inhibition of the NF-\u03baB pathway or of myosin light chain kinase activity. Such disorganization was confirmed in histological sections of spinal cord from an HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis patient. Based on this BBB model, the present data indicate that HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes can induce BBB breakdown and may be responsible for the CNS infiltration that occurs in the early steps of retroviral-associated neuromyelopathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.4.2576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T18:56:09Z","timestamp":1397847369000},"page":"2576-2583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Human Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by Retroviral-Infected Lymphocytes: Role of Myosin Light Chain Kinase in Endothelial Tight-Junction Disorganization"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Philippe Vicente","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 d\u2019Epide\u0301miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncoge\u0300nes, De\u0301partement de Virologie and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 3015, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Ozden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 d\u2019Epide\u0301miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncoge\u0300nes, De\u0301partement de Virologie and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 3015, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Christine","family":"Prevost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plateforme de Microscopie Electronique, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plateforme de Microscopie Electronique, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Seilhean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Neuropathologie, Ho\u0302pital de la Salpe\u0302trie\u0300re , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babette","family":"Weksler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Olivier","family":"Couraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale Unite\u0301 567, CNRS Unite\u0301 Mixte de Recherche 8104, De\u0301partement de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut Cochin , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Gessain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 d\u2019Epide\u0301miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncoge\u0300nes, De\u0301partement de Virologie and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 3015, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio Andres","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 d\u2019Epide\u0301miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncoge\u0300nes, De\u0301partement de Virologie and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 3015, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University , Milton Keynes ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Emmanuel","family":"Ceccaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 d\u2019Epide\u0301miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncoge\u0300nes, De\u0301partement de Virologie and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite\u0301 de Recherche Associe\u0301e 3015, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012809205850900_R1","first-page":"629","volume-title":"J. 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