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To address this issue directly, we used GM1\/GD1a-deficient mice, which, upon immunization with heat-killed Campylobacter jejuni, develop Guillain-Barre\u0301 syndrome-associated IgG Abs against the GM1\/GD1a sugar chain epitopes of bacterial lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS). Our results showed that anti-ganglioside Abs of the IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG3 isotypes were produced in the absence of group 2 CD1 (CD1d) expression. Unlike mouse and human group 2 CD1 molecules that specifically bound LOS, none of the group 1 CD1 molecules (CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c in humans) were capable of interacting with LOS. Thus, these results indicate CD1-independent pathways for anti-ganglioside Ab production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.1.39","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]],"date-time":"2014-04-11T04:13:32Z","timestamp":1397189612000},"page":"39-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cutting Edge: Guillain-Barre\u0301 Syndrome-Associated IgG Responses to Gangliosides Are Generated Independently of CD1 Function in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Yukie","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Institute for Neuroimmunological Diseases, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine , Tochigi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiro","family":"Yuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Institute for Neuroimmunological Diseases, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine , Tochigi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Van Kaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University School of Medicine , Nagoya ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Research Institute for Neuroimmunological Diseases, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine , Tochigi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University , Kyoto ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"reference":[{"first-page":"29","volume-title":"Lancet Infect. 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