{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:30:21Z","timestamp":1791192621089,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]],"date-time":"2008-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1209600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mouse Ig\u03ba locus has three known transcriptional enhancers: the matrix association region\/intronic enhancer, the 3\u2032 enhancer (E3\u2032), and the further downstream enhancer (Ed). Previous studies have shown that both matrix association region\/intronic and E3\u2032 enhancers are required for maximal gene rearrangement of the locus, and that E3\u2032 is also required for maximal expression and somatic hypermutation (SHM). To functionally elucidate Ed in vivo, we generated knockout mice with a targeted germline deletion of Ed. Ed deleted homozygous mice (Ed\u2212\/\u2212) have moderately reduced numbers of Ig\u03ba expressing B cells and correspondingly increased numbers of Ig\u03bb expressing B cells in spleen. Ed\u2212\/\u2212 mice also have decreased Ig\u03ba mRNA expression in resting and T cell-dependent activated splenic B cells and reduced Ig\u03ba chains in sera. However, our analysis indicates that Ig\u03ba gene rearrangement is normal in Ed\u2212\/\u2212 mice. In addition, our results show that Ed\u2212\/\u2212 mice exhibit reduced SHM in the Ig\u03ba gene J-C intronic region in germinal center B cells from Peyer\u2019s patches. We conclude that Ed positively regulates Ig\u03ba gene expression and SHM, but not gene rearrangement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.10.6725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T18:52:44Z","timestamp":1397847164000},"page":"6725-6732","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The Downstream Transcriptional Enhancer, Ed, Positively Regulates Mouse Ig\u03ba Gene Expression and Somatic Hypermutation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Yougui","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T","family":"Garrard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012809122462700_R1","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1985"},{"key":"2026012809122462700_R2","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Ann. 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