{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:35:29Z","timestamp":1792427729247,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>IL-1, generally considered an amplifier of adaptive immune responses, has been proposed for use as adjuvant during immunization with weak immunogens. However, its effects on memory T cell function remain largely undefined. Using the murine model of acute viral infection, in this paper, we show that in addition to augmenting the size of the Ag-specific pool, IL-1 signals act directly on CD8 T cells to promote the quality of effector and memory responses. Ablation of IL-1R1 or MyD88 signaling in T cells led to functional impairment; both the ability to produce multiple cytokines on a per cell basis (polyfunctionality) and the potential for recall proliferation in response to antigenic restimulation were compromised. IL-1 supplementation during priming augmented the expansion of Ag-specific CD8 T cells through the MyD88\u2013IRAK1\/4 axis, resulting in a larger memory pool capable of robust secondary expansion in response to rechallange. Together, these findings demonstrate a critical role of the IL-1\u2013MyD88 axis in programming the quantity and quality of memory CD8 T cell responses and support the notion that IL-1 supplementation may be exploited to enhance adoptive T cell therapies against cancers and chronic infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T15:36:45Z","timestamp":1542641805000},"page":"3641-3650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Programming of CD8 T Cell Quantity and Polyfunctionality by Direct IL-1 Signals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Surojit","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195"},{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine and Mechanisms of Disease Graduate Program, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yevgeniy","family":"Yuzefpolskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine and Mechanisms of Disease Graduate Program, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, WA 98195"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3849-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanxi","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian M","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIAGEN Sciences , Germantown, MD 20874"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8470-6518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soojin","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Schenten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona Cancer Center , Tucson, AZ 85724"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vandana","family":"Kalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195"},{"name":"Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, WA 98101"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030417580032200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1183021","article-title":"Regulation of adaptive immunity by the innate immune system","volume":"327","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025030417580032200_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00731.x","article-title":"Pattern recognition receptors and control of adaptive immunity","volume":"227","author":"Palm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol. 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