{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:30:57Z","timestamp":1790533857428,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Blood borne Listeria monocytogenes enter the CNS via migration of parasitized Ly-6Chigh monocytes, but the signals that trigger this migration are not known. To understand more completely events leading to monocyte recruitment, experiments presented here combined microarray analysis of gene expression in the brains of experimentally infected mice with measurements of bacterial CFU and serum cytokines following i.v. infection with L. monocytogenes. At 24 and 48 h postinfection, the brain was sterile but there were significant changes in transcriptional activity related to serum proinflammatory cytokines. Real-time PCR confirmed mRNA up-regulation of genes related to IFN-\u03b3, IL-1, and TNF-\u03b1, although IFN-\u03b3 itself was not up-regulated in the brain. Infection with \u0394acta, but not \u0394hly mutants, increased serum concentrations of IFN-\u03b3, IL-6, and to a lesser extent TNF-\u03b1. The brain was not infected but there was widespread mRNA up-regulation in it and an influx of Ly-6Chigh monocytes in \u0394acta-infected mice. Moreover, \u0394actA-infected IFN-\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212 mice had no brain influx of Ly-6Chigh monocytes despite normal monocyte trafficking from bone marrow to blood and spleen. Additionally, IFN-\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212 mice showed diminished mRNA expression for monocyte-attracting chemokines, and significantly less CXCL9 and CXCL10 protein in the brain compared with normal mice. These data demonstrate that monocyte recruitment to the brain is independent of bacterial invasion of the CNS and is triggered by proinflammatory cytokines, in particular IFN-\u03b3, produced by the innate immune response to intracellular infection in peripheral organs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1397847862000},"page":"529-536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Innate Responses to Systemic Infection by Intracellular Bacteria Trigger Recruitment of Ly-6Chigh Monocytes to the Brain"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Douglas A","family":"Drevets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E","family":"Schawang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn J","family":"Dillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan R","family":"Lerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S","family":"Bronze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J","family":"Brackett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012807121999700_R1","first-page":"584","article-title":"Listeria pathogenesis and molecular virulence determinants","volume-title":"Clin. 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