{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T01:00:18Z","timestamp":1775091618057,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined the West Nile virus (WNV)-specific T cell response in a cohort of 52 patients with symptomatic WNV infections, including neuroinvasive and non-invasive disease. Although all virus proteins were shown to contain T cell epitopes, certain proteins, such as E, were more commonly targeted by the T cell response. Most patients exhibited reactivity toward 3\u20134 individual WNV peptides; however, several patients exhibited reactivity toward &amp;gt;10 individual peptides. The relative hierarchy of T cell reactivities in all patients showed a fixed pattern that was sustained throughout the 12-mo period of the current study. Surprisingly, we did not observe any relationship between age and either the breadth or magnitude of the T cell response following infection. We also did not observe a relationship between disease severity and either the breadth or magnitude of the T cell response. The T cell epitopes were distributed in a non-random fashion across the viral polyprotein and a limited number of epitopes appeared to dominate the CD8+ T cell response within our cohort. These data provide important new insight into the T cell response against WNV in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.2.1563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T19:27:05Z","timestamp":1397849225000},"page":"1563-1572","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The Memory T Cell Response to West Nile Virus in Symptomatic Humans following Natural Infection Is Not Influenced by Age and Is Dominated by a Restricted Set of CD8+ T Cell Epitopes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Robin","family":"Parsons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Lelic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Evelegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Drebot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada , Winnipeg, Manitoba,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Andonova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada , Winnipeg, Manitoba,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"McMurtrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Hildebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark B","family":"Loeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan L","family":"Bramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012807111995700_R1","first-page":"395","article-title":"West Nile virus infections projected from blood donor screening data, United States, 2003","volume-title":"Emerg. 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