{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:15:37Z","timestamp":1790392537420,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the most common cause of chronic liver fibrosis, progresses to cirrhosis in up to 20% of patients. We report that hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in sinusoidal lesions of liver of patients with NASH express high levels of high-affinity IL-13R (IL-13R\u03b12), which is colocalized with smooth muscle actin, whereas fatty liver and normal liver specimens do not express IL-13R\u03b12. HSCs engineered to overexpress IL-13R\u03b12 respond to IL-13 and induce TGFB1 promoter activity and TGF-\u03b21 production. We also developed NASH in rats by feeding a choline-deficient l-amino acid diet. These rats developed liver fibrosis as assessed by H&amp;E staining, Masson\u2019s trichrome and Sirius red staining, and hydroxyproline assays. Treatment of these rats with IL-13R-directed cytotoxin caused a substantial decline in fibrosis and liver enzymes without organ toxicity. These studies demonstrate that functional IL-13R\u03b12 are overexpressed in activated HSCs involved in NASH and that IL-13 cytotoxin ameliorates pathological features of NASH in rat liver, indicating a novel role of this cytotoxin in potential therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.7.4656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T23:07:10Z","timestamp":1397862430000},"page":"4656-4665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Novel Role of IL-13 in Fibrosis Induced by Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Its Amelioration by IL-13R-Directed Cytotoxin in a Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Shimamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Fujisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed R","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitomu","family":"Kioi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Division, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raj K","family":"Puri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032700302788800_R1","first-page":"960","article-title":"The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States","volume-title":"Am. 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