{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T07:23:54Z","timestamp":1782545034523,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1883,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>CMV is an obligate and persistent intracellular pathogen that continually drives the production of highly differentiated virus-specific CD8+ T cells in an Ag-dependent manner, a phenomenon known as memory inflation. Extensive proliferation is required to generate and maintain inflationary CD8+ T cell populations, which are counterintuitively short-lived and typically exposed to limited amounts of Ag during the chronic phase of infection. An apparent discrepancy therefore exists between the magnitude of expansion and the requirement for ongoing immunogenic stimulation. To address this issue, we explored the clonal dynamics of memory inflation. First, we tracked congenically marked OT-I cell populations in recipient mice infected with murine CMV (MCMV) expressing the cognate Ag OVA. Irrespective of numerical dominance, stochastic expansions were observed in each population, such that dominant and subdominant OT-I cells were maintained at stable frequencies over time. Second, we characterized endogenous CD8+ T cell populations specific for two classic inflationary epitopes, M38 and IE3. Multiple clonotypes simultaneously underwent Ag-driven proliferation during latent infection with MCMV. In addition, the corresponding CD8+ T cell repertoires were stable over time and dominated by persistent clonotypes, many of which also occurred in more than one mouse. Collectively, these data suggest that stochastic encounters with Ag occur frequently enough to maintain oligoclonal populations of inflationary CD8+ T cells, despite intrinsic constraints on epitope display at individual sites of infection with MCMV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T21:39:19Z","timestamp":1575927559000},"page":"112-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Stochastic Expansions Maintain the Clonal Stability of CD8+ T Cell Populations Undergoing Memory Inflation Driven by Murine Cytomegalovirus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"204","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6548-9802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinne J","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA 19107"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Venturi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2052 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1394-3983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maire F","family":"Quigley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Turula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA 19107"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Gostick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales , Cardiff CF14 4XN ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Ladell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales , Cardiff CF14 4XN ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7068-6672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brenna J","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5513-4263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Himelfarb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0417-3625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kylie M","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui Yee","family":"Greenaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2052 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thurston H Y","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2052 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Seder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C","family":"Douek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann B","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, OR 97239"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4751-1831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miles P","family":"Davenport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2052 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9416-2737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"},{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales , Cardiff CF14 4XN ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1370-7198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher M","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA 19107"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030417510170800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00034-08","article-title":"Immunobiology of human cytomegalovirus: from bench to bedside","volume":"22","author":"Crough","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. 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