{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T02:37:25Z","timestamp":1778639845165,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Newly formed B cells (NF\u2013B cells) that emerge from the bone marrow to the periphery have often been referred to as immature or transitional B cells. However, NF\u2013B cells have several striking characteristics, including a distinct BCR repertoire, high expression of AID, high sensitivity to PAMPs, and the ability to produce cytokines. A number of findings do not support their designation as immature because NF\u2013B cells have the potential to become Ab-producing cells and to undergo class-switch recombination. In this review, we provide a fresh perspective on NF\u2013B cell functions and describe some of the signals driving their activation. We summarize growing evidence supporting a role for NF\u2013B cells in protection against infections and as a potential source of autoantibody-producing cells in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T02:25:23Z","timestamp":1575944723000},"page":"3095-3104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The Plasticity of Newly Formed B Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"203","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7284-514X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia V","family":"Giltiay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98109"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8362-7017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98109"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8061-5475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward A","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98109"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030417544863900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1086907","article-title":"Predominant autoantibody production by early human B cell precursors","volume":"301","author":"Wardemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025030417544863900_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2008.09.001","article-title":"B-cell tolerance checkpoints in health and autoimmunity","volume":"20","author":"Meffre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. 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