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In this study, we show that GH regulates the phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, GH treatment of GM-CSF\u2013primed monocyte\u2013derived macrophages promotes a significant enrichment of anti-inflammatory genes and dampens the proinflammatory cytokine profile through PI3K-mediated downregulation of activin A and upregulation of MAFB, a critical transcription factor for anti-inflammatory polarization of human macrophages. These in vitro data correlate with improved remission of inflammation and mucosal repair during recovery in the acute dextran sodium sulfate\u2013induced colitis model in GH-overexpressing mice. In this model, in addition to the GH-mediated effects on other immune cells, we observed that macrophages from inflamed gut acquire an anti-inflammatory\/reparative profile. Overall, these data indicate that GH reprograms inflammatory macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype and improves resolution during pathologic inflammatory responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1901330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T18:58:56Z","timestamp":1593197936000},"page":"776-788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Growth Hormone Reprograms Macrophages toward an Anti-Inflammatory and Reparative Profile in an MAFB-Dependent Manner"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"205","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6031-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca","family":"Soler Palacios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda y Oncolog\u00eda, Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda\/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas , 28049 Madrid 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