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The molecular mechanisms underlying the temporal and spatial signaling dynamics in CD8 T cells remain incompletely understood. In this study, we show that stimulation of naive CD8 T cells with agonistic CD3 and CD28 Abs, mimicking TCR and costimulatory signals, coordinately induces 4-1BB and cRel to enable elevated cytosolic cRel:I\u03baB\u03b1 complex formation and subsequent 4-1BB\u2013induced I\u03baB\u03b1 degradation, sustained cRel activation, heightened IL-2 production and T cell expansion. NfkbiaNES\/NES CD8 T cells harboring a mutated I\u03baB\u03b1 nuclear export sequence abnormally accumulate inactive cRel:I\u03baB\u03b1 complexes in the nucleus following stimulation with agonistic anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs, rendering them resistant to 4-1BB induced signaling and a disrupted chain of events necessary for efficient T cell expansion. Consequently, CD8 T cells in NfkbiaNES\/NES mice poorly expand during viral infection, and this can be overcome by exogenous IL-2 administration. Consistent with cell-based data, adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that the antiviral CD8 T cell defect in NfkbiaNES\/NES mice was cell intrinsic. Thus, these results reveal that I\u03baB\u03b1, via its unique nuclear export function, enables, rather than inhibits 4-1BB\u2013induced cRel activation and IL-2 production to facilitate optimal CD8 T cell immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T20:50:14Z","timestamp":1597438214000},"page":"1540-1553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["I\u03baB\u03b1 Nuclear Export Enables 4-1BB\u2013Induced cRel Activation and IL-2 Production to Promote CD8 T Cell Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"205","author":[{"given":"Dominique N","family":"Lisiero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53705"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3863-2866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melba M","family":"Tejera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4278-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon T","family":"Neldner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4801-8897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay W","family":"Warrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53705"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53705"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelly M","family":"Wuerzberger-Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53705"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5607-3845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1794-3358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7827-3426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigeki","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53705"},{"name":"University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research , Madison, WI 53705"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030417504975800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v29.i6.20","article-title":"Costimulation signals for memory CD8+ T cells during viral infections","volume":"29","author":"Duttagupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit. 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