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In fact, a large proportion of islet-infiltrating B lymphocytes in the NOD mouse model of T1D produce Abs directed against the neuronal type III intermediate filament protein peripherin. NOD-PerIg mice are a previously developed BCR-transgenic model in which virtually all B lymphocytes express the H and L chain Ig molecules from the intra-islet\u2013derived anti-peripherin\u2013reactive hybridoma H280. NOD-PerIg mice have accelerated T1D development, and PerIg B lymphocytes actively proliferate within islets and expand cognitively interactive pathogenic T cells from a pool of naive precursors. We now report adoptively transferred T cells or whole splenocytes from NOD-PerIg mice expectedly induce T1D in NOD.scid recipients but, depending on the kinetics of disease development, can also elicit a peripheral neuritis (with secondary myositis). This neuritis was predominantly composed of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Ab depletion studies showed neuritis still developed in the absence of NOD-PerIg CD8+ T cells but required CD4+ T cells. Surprisingly, sciatic nerve\u2013infiltrating CD4+ cells had an expansion of IFN-\u03b3\u2212 and TNF-\u03b1\u2212 double-negative cells compared with those within both islets and spleen. Nerve and islet-infiltrating CD4+ T cells also differed by expression patterns of CD95, PD-1, and Tim-3. Further studies found transitory early B lymphocyte depletion delayed T1D onset in a portion of NOD-PerIg mice, allowing them to survive long enough to develop neuritis outside of the transfer setting. Together, this study presents a new model of peripherin-reactive B lymphocyte\u2013dependent autoimmune neuritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,16]],"date-time":"2020-09-16T20:40:50Z","timestamp":1600288850000},"page":"2026-2038","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["T Cells from NOD-<i>PerIg<\/i> Mice Target Both Pancreatic and Neuronal Tissue"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"205","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5514-3074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy J","family":"Racine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold D","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 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C","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torrian","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9908-4173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meaghan E","family":"Dyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1899-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine M","family":"Wotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1942-480X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zo\u00eb","family":"Bichler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline K","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, ME 04609"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3761-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Ettinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viela Bio , Gaithersburg, MD 20878"},{"name":"Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, BioPharmaceuticals R&D , AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9229-3407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert 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